digestive system

Question 1

what does the mouth / pharynx

Answer 1

contains teeth which starts mechanical digestion by cutting and grinding food into smaller pieces

Question 2

what does the tongue

Answer 2

helps push food to the back of throat

Question 3

salivary glands

Answer 3

Saliva moistens food, helping to break it up, lubricates passage through the digestive system. Saliva contains enzyme amylase, which starts the breakdown of carbohydrates into sugars.

Question 4

esophagus

Answer 4

Muscular tube lined with mucus. In peristalsis, muscles contract to move food from one end to the other.

Question 5

stomach

Answer 5

Muscular pouch that holds 1-3 litres of food. Walls are lined with mucus to protect them from acid. Churns to break down food mechanically.

Question 6

chief cells

Answer 6

Produce pepsin, which begins the digestion of proteins by breaking them into peptides. Pepsin operates maximally in an acidic environment.

Question 7

parietal cells

Answer 7

roduce hydrochloric acid (HCI) which increases the effic of pepsin.

Question 8

small intestine : duodenum

Answer 8

First part of the small intestine that receives food fr stomach, muscular tube lined with villi.

Question 9

small intestine : jejunum / ileum

Answer 9

Up to 6 meters in length. Absorbs nutrients and water.

Question 10

gallbladder

Answer 10

Stores bile produced by the liver. Bile is released by the bile duct into the duodenum to assist in breaking down fat.

Question 11

pancreas

Answer 11

Produces digestive enzymes, including amylase (breaks down carbohydrates), trypsin (breaks down proteins), lipase (breaks down fat). Also produces an alkaline solution that neutralizes acid.

Question 12

large intestine

Answer 12

Water and vitamin K are absorbed. Bacteria help break down fibre and other materials.

Question 13

rectum

Answer 13

Stores and compacts waste before it is eliminated by the anus.

Question 14

capillaries

Answer 14

Tiny blood vessels that transport nutrients into the bloodstream.

Question 15

lymphatic vessels

Answer 15

Transport absorbed fatty acids and monoglycerides to the bloodstream, where they are carried to body cells.

Question 16

role of digestion system

Question 17

mechanical digestion

Question 18

chemical digestion

Question 19

where does chemical digestion occur

Question 20

where does mechanical digestion occur

Question 21

what are enzymes

Question 22

how do substrates and enzymes work

Question 23

organic compounds and examples

Question 24

inorganic compounds and examples

Question 25

PROTEINS
definition
sources

Question 26

CARBOHYDRATES
definition
sources

Question 27

FATS / LIPIDS
definition
sources

Question 28

why do we need protein in out diet

Question 29

why do we need carbs in our diet

Question 30

why do we need lipids and fats in our diet