digestive system Flashcards
what is the digestive system and what happens?
The digestive system is an organ system. Several organs work together to digest and absorb nutrients.
What are enzymes?
specialised proteins used in the digestive system. Enzymes are biological catalysts.
What can enzyme function be described as?
The lock and key model
What does the substrate bind to?
The active site on the enzymes
when does an enzyme denature?
When the active site changes shape and the substrate can no longer bind into the enzyme
what causes an enzyme to denature?
High temperatures and the wrong pH
what do carbohydrase enzymes breakdown? Into what?
Carbohydrates into simple sugars
what is amylase?
A type of carbohydrase which breaks down starch into sugars
what does lipase breakdown? Into what?
Fats fatty acids and glycerol
what do protease enzymes breakdown? Into what?
Protein into amino acids
where is bile made and where is it stored?
made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder
What does bile do?
Neutralises the substances from the stomach and helps to emulsify fats
what does iodine test for? What colour does it go?
tests for starch, turns from pale yellow to blue/black
what does Benedict test for? What colour does it go?
Test for sugar, turns from blue to brick red
what does biuret reagent test for? What colour does it go?
tests for protein, turns from blue to purple
