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Body Systems > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Major Functions of the Digestive System

A

Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Excretion

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2
Q

Label the systems on the left 1 to 6

A
  1. Teeth
  2. Liver
  3. Gall bladder
  4. Large intestine
  5. Appendix
  6. Rectum
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3
Q

Label the systems on the right 1 to 6

A
  1. Salivary glands
  2. oesophagus
  3. stomach
  4. pancreas
  5. small intestine
  6. anus
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4
Q

Outline major steps of ingestion

A
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5
Q

Digestive system organ functions

  1. The _____1______ transports food from the mouth to the _____2______ using ______3______.
A
  1. oesophagus
  2. stomach
  3. peristalsis
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6
Q

Digestive system organ functions

  1. The _____1______ transports food from the mouth to the _____2______ using ______3______.
A
  1. oesophagus
  2. stomach
  3. peristalsis
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7
Q

Teeth

A

• Chews up food into smaller pieces
• Mechanical Digestion
• Four types: Incisors, Canines, Pre-molars and Molars

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8
Q

Tongue

A

• Helps us swallow food after we chew it

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9
Q

Salivary Glands

A

Produces saliva

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10
Q

Saliva

A

Contains enzymes called amylase that break down starch in food

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11
Q

Oesophagus

A

• Long tube that connects from the mouth to the stomach
• Carries food from the mouth to the stomach
• Uses wave-like muscle contraction called peristalsis to push food down into stomach

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12
Q

Stomach

A

Further breaks down food with acids, bile and enzymes

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13
Q

Small intestine

A

Squeezes out all the nutrients from the food

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14
Q

Large Intestine

A

• Absorbs all the water from the food
• Starts forming faeces

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15
Q

Rectum

A

Stores faeces before excretion

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16
Q

Anus

A

Eliminates faeces as waste

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17
Q

Pancreas

A

Produces digestive enzymes and insulin

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18
Q

Liver

A

Creates bile

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19
Q

Gallbladder

A

Stores bile

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20
Q

Appendix

A

Function unknown

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21
Q

Ingestion

A

Food goes through the mouth, down the oesophagus and into the stomach

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22
Q

Digestion

A

Stomach produces enzymes to digest protein in the food and acids to break it up further

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23
Q

Absorbtion

A

• Goes into the small intestine and all the nutrients get squeezed out
• into the large intestine and all the water is absorbed

24
Q

Elimination

A

The forming and expelling of faeces from, the body

25
Q

alimentary canal

A

The exact path that the food takes through the digestive system (eg. stomach and oesophagus)

26
Q

Accessory Organs

A

The organs that assist the alimentary canal organs with digestion (eg. liver and pancreas)

27
Q

Peristalsis

A

Wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract

28
Q

Mechanical Digestion

A

Physical breakdown of food (eg. Chewing or absorption of water in large intestine)

29
Q

Chemical Digestion

A

Breakdown of food with enzymes and acids

30
Q

Mechanical and Chemical Digestion in the Mouth, Stomach, and Small Intestine

A

o Mouth: Mechanical - Chewing; Chemical - Saliva enzymes.
o Stomach: Mechanical - Churning; Chemical - Stomach acid.
o Small Intestine: Mechanical - Muscle contractions; Chemical - Enzymes.

31
Q

Role of villi in small intestine

A

Increase surface area of nutrient absorption and transport it into the bloodstream

32
Q

Mouth/Nasal cavity

A

Warms, moistens and filters air

33
Q

Pharynx

A

Passageway for food and air

34
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box, routes air and food
Uses muscle vibrations to create sound
Contains vocal cords

35
Q

Trachea

A

Connects nose/mouth to the inside of our lungs, allowing us to breath (windpipe)

36
Q

Bronchi

A

Branches of the trachea that reach into each lung

37
Q

Bronchioles

A

Smaller branches of bronchi

38
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs for gas exchange

39
Q

Diaphragm

A

Muscle aiding in breathing

40
Q

Inter coastal muscles

A

Muscles between ribs aiding in breathing

41
Q

Role of capillaries and alveoli in gas exchange

A

o Capillaries surround alveoli, allowing oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to be expelled.

42
Q

Process of inhalation

A

Diaphragm contracts, ribs expand, air is drawn into the lungs

43
Q

Process of exhalation

A

Diaphragm relaxes, rib contracts, air is expelled out of the lungs

44
Q

Define excretion

A

Removal of metabolic waste (eg. Urine)

45
Q

Contrast elimination and excretion

    **Elimination** is the process of removing     1     food and      1     from the body.

     It primarily involves the     2    system.

     The main organs involved are the      3    ,      3    , and      3     .
    
      4    are expelled from the body during elimination.
A
  1. Undigested / waste
  2. Digestive
  3. Large intestine, rectum and anus
  4. Faeces
46
Q

Difference between elimination and excretion

Excretion is the process of removing 5 waste products from the body.

It involves multiple body 6 , including the 6 , and 6 systems.

The main organs involved are the 7 , 7 , 7 , and 7 .

Waste products such as 8 , 8 and 8 are expelled during excretion.

A
  1. Metabolic
    1. Systems / urinary / respiratory
    2. Kidneys / lungs / skin / liver
    3. Urea / carbon dioxide / sweat
47
Q

Excretory organs and their products

A

Lungs: Carbon dioxide
Liver: Bile pigments
Skin: Sweat
Kidneys: Urine

48
Q

Organs in the urinary system

A

o Kidneys, Ureters, Renal Artery, Renal Vein, Bladder, Urethra.

49
Q

Function of Kidney in urinary system

A

Filter blood and produce urine

50
Q

Function of ureters (urinary)

A

Carry urine from kidneys to bladder

51
Q

Function of renal artery (urinary)

A

Supplies blood to kidneys

52
Q

Renal vain

A

Drains filtered blood from kidneys

53
Q

Bladder

A

Stores urine

54
Q

Urethra

A

Expels urine from the body

55
Q

Urethra

A

Expels urine from the body

Body Systems (3 decks)

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