digestive system Flashcards
what is the digestive system?
an organ system where several organs work together to digest and absorb nutrients
what are enzymes?
specialised proteins used in the digestive system and are biological catalysts
what can the enzyme function be described as?
described as the ‘lock and key model’
what does the substrate bind to?
to the active site on the enzymes
when does the enzyme denature?
when the active site changes shape and the substrate can no longer bind to the enzyme
what causes an enzyme to denature?
High temperatures and the wrong pH
what do carbohydrates enzymes break down?
carbohydrates into simple sugars
what its amylase and what does it break down?
a type of carbohydrase which breaks down starch into sugars
what do lipase enzymes break down?
break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
what do protease enzymes break down?
break down protein into amino acids
where is bile made and stored?
made in liver and stored in the gall bladder
what is the function of bile?
neutralises the substances from the stomach and helps to emulsify fats
what does the chemical iodine test for? what colour does it go?
tests for starch – pale yellow to blue/black
what does the chemical Benedicts test for? what colour does it go?
tests for sugar – blue to brick red
what does the chemical buret reagent test for? what colour does it go?
tests for protein – blue to purple
