Digestive system

Question 1

test for starch

Answer 1

iodine solution

Question 2

if there is starch in food what colour will it change to

Answer 2

blue-black

Question 3

test for simple sugars

Answer 3

Benedict’s solution

Question 4

if there are simple sugars in food what colour will it change to

Answer 4

brick-red colour

Question 5

test for protein

Answer 5

Biuret solution

Question 6

if there is protein in food what colour will it change to

Answer 6

purple

Question 7

test for lipids

Answer 7

ethanol

Question 8

if there are lipids in food what colour will it change to

Answer 8

cloudy, white

Question 9

where does digestion start

Answer 9

in the mouth by the teeth and salivary glands

Question 10

how does saliva make it easier to swallow food?

Answer 10

acts as a lubricant

Question 11

what is the function of the oesophagus?

Answer 11

to move food quickly and easily to the stomach

Question 12

which organ produces bile?

Answer 12

liver

Question 13

what is the function of bile?

Answer 13

breaks down lipids

Question 14

where is bile stored?

Answer 14

gall bladder

Question 15

what is the main function of the small intestine

Answer 15

absorbs products of digestion into blood

Question 16

what are villi

Answer 16

microscopic, finger-like projections

Question 17

what is the adaptations of villi that aid digestion

Answer 17

• many villi and micro villi: provides large surface area
• good blood supply: maintains diffusion gradient
• surface is one cell thick: short diffusion distance
• many mitochondria: provides energy for active transport

Question 18

the main function of the large intestine

Answer 18

absorbs water and salts from remaining digestives food

Question 19

what are the food groups

Answer 19

Carbohydrates, protein, fats, fibre, vitamins, water

Question 20

digestion

Answer 20

the breaking down of food into smaller soluble molecules

Question 21

active site

Answer 21

part of and enzyme molecule which has a special shape which lets them “lock” onto other substances

Question 22

the function of an enzyme

Answer 22

to break down food into smaller, soluble molecules so it can be absorbed quicker

Question 23

amylase

Answer 23

a carbohydrase - an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates. made in salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine. starch ➡️ simple sugars

Question 24

protease

Answer 24

made in stomach, pancreas and small intestine. protein ➡️ amino acids

Question 25

lipase

Answer 25

made in pancreas and small intestine. lipids ➡️ fatty acids

Question 26

what changes whether enzymes work best

Answer 26

temperature and pH conditions

Question 27

optimum temperature

Answer 27

the best temperature for an enzyme to work in

Question 28

can enzymes be in too hot conditions?

Answer 28

yes. it damages the enzymes which is denaturing

Question 29

enzyme

Answer 29

biological catalysts which speed up the reaction of digestion