digestive system Flashcards
what is the purpose of digestion?
-ingest,digest, absorb our nutrients from the food we eat
what are the components to physical breakdown of our food
-we break down our food physically with our teeth, our molar glands crush the food
-followed up by chemical breakdown by enzymes produced from our saliva which helps break down complex carbohydrates into smaller disacchorides
-mucus helps us swallow acts as a lubricant
-when food is ready to be swallowed it turns into a ball at the back of our throat called a bolus
what happens when we swallow our food?
-the tongue pushes food to the back of the throat
-gets pushed into the pharynx to prevent it from getting into your nasal passage
-the epiglottis covers the enterance to your trachea to prevent choking
-in the esophagus food is strected and waves of peristalsis pushes food
what is the function of the small intestine
-majority of digestion happens in the small intestine
-digests lipids,carbohydrates and proteins
what are the sections of the large intestine and their roles
Duodoenum- enzymes are added
Jejunum - digestion contines and most nutrients are absorbed
Lleum - nutrients absorbed
what is egestion
-removal of undigested waste
digestion in the stomach
-food enters the stomach through the gastroesoesophageal spincter
-the mucsles relax and enters the stomach
what is chyme
-food mixed with gastrict juices
what does the liver do?
-produce bile
-detoxifies blood
what does the gullbladder do
-secrets bile into the duodenum
what does the pancrea produce
-insulin and pancreatic fluid into the duoenum
what is a peptic ulcer
-ulcer is in the lining of the stomach
- pain, nausea, bloating
-Cause
protective coating of the stomach is weakened
What is the treatment for ulcer
- antibiotic, lifetyle changes
what is crohns diease
-inflammiation provents food from being absorbed properly
causes: pain/fatigue and weightloss
what is the treatment for crohns disease
-special diet
-pain medication
-surgery to remove parts of the colon
