Digestive System Flashcards
psychological eating disorder, that causes fear of gaining weight, and is linked with heart disease
Anorexia
an eating disorder that involves distortion of body image and intense desire to loose weight. (self induced vomiting, purging, fasting)
Bulimia
Inflammation and infection of small pouches along the walls of the intestines
Diverticulitis
Inflammatory bowel disease, coughing, long lasting ulcers and inflammation
Colitis
a group of symptoms including abdominal pain, change in bowel movements and increased immune system cells in their intestines
IBS
cancer that begins in colon or rectum, often malignant, causes weight loss, bowel discomfort, bleeding, or change in stool
Colorectal Cancer
A serious liver infection with symptoms of abdominal pain, dark urine, jaundice, and fever
Hepatitis
scarring in the liver late form. causes Jaundice, cognitive degeneration, swelling, easy bruising
Cirrhosis
another name for the alimentary canal
gastrointestinal tract (GI)
what controls the opening of the stomach to the small intestine
pyloric sphincter
three parts of the small intestine
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
anatomical units in the liver that
lobes and lobules
where does the liver get its blood
hepatic arteries
accessory organs in the digestive system are :
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
how many bones in the hard palate
2 bones
where do lipids break down
mouth
where do protiens break down?
stomach
where do carbs break down?
small intestine
what is bolus
a ball-like mixture of food and saliva that forms in the mouth during the process of chewing
what is chyme ?
the pulpy acidic fluid which passes from the stomach to the small intestine
what is the mesentery
the muscle that lines the abdomen to keep the organs in place
how long is the small intestine (ft)
22 ft
how big is the large intestine (ft)
5ft
how long does it take for food to digest in the large intestine?
36 hours
how long does it take for food to digest in the small intestine
6 hours
what is the pH level of the stomach
1.5 - 3.5
what is the epiglottis
leaf shaped flap that stops food from going down your airway
what are the anatomical units of the liver ?
lobules and lobes
how many lobules are in the liver
2 main lobes that hold 1,000 lobules each
what is the purpose of the hepatic portal vein ?
takes blood that passed the small intestine to pick up the absorbed nutrients, and takes it to the liver for nourishment and to get filtered
what is peristalsis ?
the involuntary constraction and relaxation of the muscles in your canals
where does peristalsis begin
pharynx
what is segmentation?
activated muscles in your intestines that contract to move food through the digestive system
what is the function of the mouth
the mouth chews and breaks down food
what is the function of salivary glands
produces saliva
what is the functions of the pharynx
sends food to the esophagus
what is the esophagus function
transports food from mouth to stomach
what is the function of the liver
secrets bile and filters blood from the intestines
what is the gallbladders function
stores bile
what is the small intestines function?
absorbs nutrients and breaks down food
what is the stomachs function?
breaks down foods into a liquid/paste
what is the pancreas function?
produces insulin
what is the large intestines function?
absorbs water
what is the anus’ function?
secretion of stool
what is the rectums function?
stores waste
an inflammation in the appendix
appendicitis
swollen viens in your rectum and anus
hemorrhoids
found in the pancreas, and causes the it to stop working partcially/completely.
diabetes
inflammation of the gastrointestinal track. a virus where it invades the cells lining in the stomach and intestine
Gastroenteritis
inflammation of the pancreas, which happens when digestive enzymes are activated before they release, and attack the pancreas.
Pancreatitis
Malignant cancerous cells form in the pancreas, forming rapidly and creating a tumor
Pancreatic cancer
A disorder we’re eating gluten triggers and immune response to the body, causing inflammation and damaged the small intestine
celiac disease
