Digestive System Flashcards
What are the the organs of the digestive system and their functions?
Mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, & anus.
Ingestions, mechanical processing, digestion, secretion, excretion, & absorption.
What are the three salivary glands?
Parotid, sublingual, & submandibular
Saliva contains __________; an enzyme that is useful in digesting carbohydrates.
Salivary amylase
Which organ of the digestive system connects the mouth & the esophagus?
The Pharynx (Throat)
Name the wave-like contraction that pushes materials along the digestive tract.
Peristalsis
The cecum, the colon & the rectum are parts of the ______________.
Large intestine
Which organ is the main site for nutrient absorption?
Small intestine
Which organ is the main site for water & electrolyte absorption?
Small intestine
Acid reflux occurs when chyme backs through the _______________
Lower esophageal sphincter
Which enzyme digests proteins in the stomach?
Pepsin
Vitamin B12 depends on __________ to be absorbed
Intrinsic factor
What is mechanical processing of food? Where does it occur?
Breaks down food to small particles to undergo chemical digestion in the stomach
Explain why swallowing food doesn’t end up in your lungs.
Epiglottis (flap of tissue) blocks food & drunks from the trachea
What is the swallowing reflex? Is it voluntary or involuntary?
Closure of glottis, elevation of larynx &, transient cessation of respiration. (Involuntary)
What are the parts of the stomach
Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus
Name the three parts of the small intestine
Duodenum, jejunum, & ileum
In which part of the small intestine does most chemical digestion occur?
Duodenum; small intestine
Where is bile stored?
Gallbladder
Where is it made?
Liver
What is its function?
Absorption of fat & fat-soluble vitamins
What are the functions of the liver?
Removes toxins from drugs & alcohol, secrete bile
What is the function of the pancreas relating to the Digestive System?
Secretes Pancreatic juice
What is the function of the appendix?
Contains lymphoid nodules for immune function
List the parts of the large intestine
1.) cecum
2.) Ascending colon
3.) Transverse colon
4.) Descending colon
5.) Sigmoid colon
6.) rectum
7.) anus
Describe the major functions of the large intestine.
Absorbing water & electrolytes, producing & absorbing vitamins, forming & propelling feces towards rectum
