Digestive System

Question 1

What are the the organs of the digestive system and their functions?

Answer 1

Mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, & anus.

Ingestions, mechanical processing, digestion, secretion, excretion, & absorption.

Question 2

What are the three salivary glands?

Answer 2

Parotid, sublingual, & submandibular

Question 3

Saliva contains __________; an enzyme that is useful in digesting carbohydrates.

Answer 3

Salivary amylase

Question 4

Which organ of the digestive system connects the mouth & the esophagus?

Answer 4

The Pharynx (Throat)

Question 5

Name the wave-like contraction that pushes materials along the digestive tract.

Answer 5

Peristalsis

Question 6

The cecum, the colon & the rectum are parts of the ______________.

Answer 6

Large intestine

Question 7

Which organ is the main site for nutrient absorption?

Answer 7

Small intestine

Question 8

Which organ is the main site for water & electrolyte absorption?

Answer 8

Small intestine

Question 9

Acid reflux occurs when chyme backs through the _______________

Answer 9

Lower esophageal sphincter

Question 10

Which enzyme digests proteins in the stomach?

Answer 10

Pepsin

Question 11

Vitamin B12 depends on __________ to be absorbed

Answer 11

Intrinsic factor

Question 12

What is mechanical processing of food? Where does it occur?

Answer 12

Breaks down food to small particles to undergo chemical digestion in the stomach

Question 13

Explain why swallowing food doesn’t end up in your lungs.

Answer 13

Epiglottis (flap of tissue) blocks food & drunks from the trachea

Question 14

What is the swallowing reflex? Is it voluntary or involuntary?

Answer 14

Closure of glottis, elevation of larynx &, transient cessation of respiration. (Involuntary)

Question 15

What are the parts of the stomach

Answer 15

Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus

Question 16

Name the three parts of the small intestine

Answer 16

Duodenum, jejunum, & ileum

Question 17

In which part of the small intestine does most chemical digestion occur?

Answer 17

Duodenum; small intestine

Question 18

Where is bile stored?

Answer 18

Gallbladder

Question 19

Where is it made?

Answer 19

Liver

Question 20

What is its function?

Answer 20

Absorption of fat & fat-soluble vitamins

Question 21

What are the functions of the liver?

Answer 21

Removes toxins from drugs & alcohol, secrete bile

Question 22

What is the function of the pancreas relating to the Digestive System?

Answer 22

Secretes Pancreatic juice

Question 23

What is the function of the appendix?

Answer 23

Contains lymphoid nodules for immune function

Question 24

List the parts of the large intestine

Answer 24

1.) cecum
2.) Ascending colon
3.) Transverse colon
4.) Descending colon
5.) Sigmoid colon
6.) rectum
7.) anus

Question 25

Describe the major functions of the large intestine.

Answer 25

Absorbing water & electrolytes, producing & absorbing vitamins, forming & propelling feces towards rectum