Digestive system Flashcards
oral cavity
physical digestion
pharynx
common passage for digestive and respiration system
tongue
taste
position food for toothwork
teeth
physical digestion of food
salivary glands
lubricate bolus
begin starch chemical digestion(salivary amylase)
epiglottis
direct food into esophagus but not into trachea
esophagus
tube though which the food passes into stomach by peristalis
stomach
physical digestion (churrus)
chemical digestion (protein)
cardiac sphincter
muscular ring acts as valve to contain food in stomach
duodenum
top of small intestine
bile duct, pancreatic duct enter here
pyloric sphincter
muscular ring acts as valve to contain food in stomach
opens to admit chyme from stomach into small intestine
small intestine
chemical digestion of all foods, absorption of monomers
liver
produces bile and maintains blood glucose
gall bladder
stores bile (<- emulsifies fats)
pancreas
neutralizes pH (NaHCO3), secrets several enzymes
large intestine
absorption of H2O, cultures e-coli
appendix
projection from pathogens, vestigial structure
rectum
last bit of large intestine
carnivores
meat eaters
herbivores
yummy plants
omnivores
both meat and plant toothers
parotid salivary gland
side of face swell with mumps
sublingual salivary gland
below tongue
submandibular salivary gland
lower jaw
what r 3 types of salivary glands and what do they do
parotid, sublingual and submandibular
they produce saliva
palates
top of mouth
soft and hard
separates the mouth from nasal cavity
end flap uvula
pharynx
area between mouth and esophagus
tube for air and food
what are the functions of the small intestine
digestion
absorption of nutrients(monosaccharides, amino acids, short peptides, fatty acids are transported into intestinal cells and are diffused into bloodstream)
fats diffuse into intestinal cells and are deposited in the lacteal
peristalsis
rhythmic wavelike contraction of esophagus and intestine
bolus
food ball formed by mouth teeth tongue and saliva
liver functions (7)
-removes and metabolizes toxic materials
-stores extra glucose
-destroys old red blood cells
-produces urea from amino acids
-makes blood proteins
-stores iron and fat ADEK
-coverts amino acids into glucose if necessary
digestive function of liver
-secretes bile
- emulsifies fats
-breaks dow hemoglobin
