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Biology 12 > Cell Membrane > Flashcards

Cell Membrane Flashcards

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1
Q

Cell Membrane

A

A gateway for nutrients to enter and wastes to leave the cell

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2
Q

Integral membrane proteins

A
  1. Span the lipid bilayer
  2. Proteins are hydrophilic/hydrophobic when they interact with hydrophilic/hydrophobic portion of the membrane
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3
Q

What are 2 structural types of the Fluid Mosaic Model?

A

Integral membrane proteins, Peripheral membrane proteins

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4
Q

Peripheral membrane proteins

A

Attached to the outside of the membrane

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5
Q

Channel protein

A

Allows particular molecules or ions to cross the plasma membrane

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6
Q

Carrier protein

A

Selectively interacts with specific molecules or ions so it can cross the plasma membrane
Ex. sodium ions

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7
Q

Cell recognition protein

A

Recognizes a certain substance and starts a response
Ex. immunity recognition

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8
Q

Receptor Protein

A

Has a specific shape that certain molecules can bind to and start a response
Ex. human growth hormone binding receptors

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9
Q

Enzymatic protein

A

Catalyzes specific reactions: making ATP

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10
Q

Glycoproteins

A

Proteins which have an attached carbohydrate chain

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11
Q

Glycolipids

A

Phospholipids whose hydrophilic head have an attached carbohydrate chain

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12
Q

What is the function of glycoproteins and glycolipids?

A

The carbohydrate chains allow tissues and cells of embryo to sort themselves out

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13
Q

Where are glycoproteins and glycolipids found?

A

The extracellular side of the membrane

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14
Q

How do the glycoprotein and glycolipid chains vary?

A
  1. Number of sugars
  2. Number of branching patterns
  3. Sequence of sugars
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15
Q

What happens after the DEVELOPMENT of the embryo?

A

It develops its own glycoproteins and glycolipids

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16
Q

What do the embryo’s glycoproteins and glycolipids do?

A

They help the immune system to identify which cells are invaders and which belong to the body

17
Q

Why are blood types unique?

A

Due to unique glycoproteins on red blood cells

18
Q

Cholesterol

A

is a lipid steroid found within the animal lipid bilayer
-serves as a temperature-stability buffer
At higher temps : impedes phospholipid fluidity
At lower temps: interferes with solidification of membranes

19
Q

Some molecules can enter, while others of the same size cannot

A

Selectively premeable

20
Q

Diffusion

A

Particles moving from an area of greater concentration towards the are of lesser concentration
-does not require energy

21
Q

What is the rate of diffusion affected by?

A
  1. Concentration gradient - the difference in []
  2. Size/shape of molecules
  3. Temperature
  4. State

Biology 12 (3 decks)

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