Digestive System

Question 1

What are macronutrients

Answer 1

found in meals (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids (nucleic acids))

Question 2

Difference between essential and nonessential nutrients?

Answer 2

essential - nutrients from food
non-essential - nutrients the body makes

Question 3

True or False?
Macronutrients = Biomolecules

Answer 3

True

Question 4

the first ones to be converted into energy

Answer 4

Carbohydrates

Question 5

Only one sugar molecule is called -

Answer 5

monosaccharide

Question 6

True or False?
Nutrients should not be in their simplest form when utilizing energy

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Difference between soluble and insoluble fiber

Answer 7

soluble - can be digested in the small intestine
insoluble - undigestable food through large intestine

Question 8

Enzyme for…
-carbohydrates
-lipids
-proteins

Answer 8

-amylase
-lipase
-protease

Question 9

food when it has been masticated called

Answer 9

bolus

Question 10

What is the mechanical and chemical digestion of the mouth?

Answer 10

Mechanical digestion- mastication
Chemical digestion - Saliva

Question 11

What do the enzymes in the mouth target in food?

Answer 11

carbohydrates, and lipids

Question 12

What is the chemical and mechanical digestion of the stomach?

Answer 12

Mechanical digestion - churning
Chemical digestion - Gastric juices

Question 13

Where is the initial digestion of Protein?

Answer 13

stomach

Question 14

What is the mechanical and chemical digestion of the duodenum (small intestine)?

Answer 14

Mechanical digestion - Segmentation
Chemical digestion- Accessory digestive organs secretions

Question 15

What is the target of the enzymes in the duodenum?

Answer 15

Carbohydrates, Protein, and Lipids

Question 16

What does bile do?

Answer 16

prevent fats to clump together

Question 17

how does the small intestine absorb nutrients

Answer 17

with the use of villi

Question 18

the passageway of air and bolus

Answer 18

pharynx

Question 19

gate of air and bolus

Answer 19

epiglottis

Question 20

what is the involuntary movement in the esophagus called?

Answer 20

Peristalsis

Question 21

what are the accessory digestive organs?

Answer 21

-Liver
-Gallbladder
-Pancreas

Question 22

what organ creates bile

Answer 22

Liver

Question 23

What organ stores bile?

Answer 23

Gallbladder

Question 24

what enzymes does the pancreas make

Answer 24

-amylase
-protease
-lipase

Question 25

which organ absorbs water and salt?

Answer 25

Large intestine

Question 26

also called ascending colon

Answer 26

Appendix

Question 27

also called as swallowing

Answer 27

Propulsion

Question 28

what happens once the villi absorb the nutrients

Answer 28

they go to the bloodstream

Question 29

also called as excretion

Answer 29

Egestion

Question 30

which is the healthiest ? a. saturated fats b. unsaturated fats c. trans fat

Answer 30

b. unsaturated fats

Question 31

simplest form of lipids

Answer 31

fatty acids

Question 32

simplest form of protein

Answer 32

amino acids

Question 33

True or false? LDL is good cholesterol

Answer 33

false HDL is the good cholesterol

Question 34

what is egestion

Answer 34

removal of waste

Question 35

True or False? does the liver excrete bile to the small intestine?

Answer 35

false after the liver makes bile it is moved and stored in the gallblader

Question 36

True of False? the Pharynx / Esophagus can chemically digest bolus

Answer 36

true the enzymes from the mouth still digest the food while in pharynx

Question 37

True or False? The villi can also absorb polysaccharides

Answer 37

false the villi only absorbs the simplest forms

Question 38

Transport that requires ATP

Answer 38

Active transport

Question 39

what needs a special channel or carrier protein?

Answer 39

facilitated diffusion

Question 40

True or False? All proteins are enzymes

Answer 40

False All enzymes are protein Some proteins repair the body's tissue

Question 41

the first organ to receive the nutrients

Answer 41

Liver

Question 42

What is Structural GI disease

Answer 42

caused by an abnormality -bacteria , etc

Question 43

Is Gastritis a structural GI disease?

Answer 43

yes because of the term ___itis meaning inflamation

Question 44

Identify the disease and whether it is Structural or Functional: Swollen vein in and around the anus

Answer 44

Hemorrhoids (Structural)

Question 45

Identify the disease and whether it is Structural or Functional: Bacteria that creates a hole in the stomach/duodenum

Answer 45

Peptic Ulcer (structural)

Question 46

Identify the disease and whether it is Structural or Functional: a cause of hard stool, which is slow stool movement

Answer 46

Constipation (functional)

Question 47

Identify the disease and whether it is Structural or Functional: Watery stool

Answer 47

Diarrhea (functional)

Question 48

What is functional Gi disease

Answer 48

something wrong with the actual organ

Question 49

True or false? obesity is a part of malnutrition

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Identify the disease: disease in children, due to lack of protein with the presence of edema

Answer 50

kwashiorkor

Question 51

Identify the disease: ribs could be seen due to lack of carbohydrates and protein

Answer 51

Marasmus