Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAPHY LAB 2 > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Consists of a group of organs that break down the food into we eat into smaller molecules that can be used by body cells.

A

Digestive System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Continuous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus.

A

Gastrointestinal Tract or Alimentary Canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

This process involves taking foods and liquids into the mouth (eating).

A

Ingestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cells within the walls of the GI tract and accessory digestive organs secrete a total of about 7 liters of water, acid, buffers, and enzymes into the lumen (interior space) of the tract.

A

Secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Alternating contractions and relaxations of smooth muscle in the walls of the GI tract mix food and secretions and move them toward the anus.

A

Motility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This capability of the GI tract to mix and move material along its length is called _______.

A

Motility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

______ is the process of breaking down ingested food into small molecules that can be used by body cells.

A

Digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The movement of the products of digestion from the lumen of the GI tract into blood or lymph is called _______.

A

Absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Wastes, indigestible substances, bacteria, cells sloughed from the lining of the GI tract, and digested materials that were not absorbed in their journey through the digestive tract leave the body through the anus in a process called ________.

A

Defecation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The eliminated material is termed _________.

A

Feces or stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Regions of the digestive system can be divided into two main parts:

A

Alimentary tract and accessory organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Length in the living: 5-7 meters; cadaver length: 7-9 meters

A

Gastrointestinal Tract or Alimentary Canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

include the teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

A

Accessory Digestive Organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Alimentary Tract of the Digestive System

A

mouth
pharynx and esophagus
stomach
small and large intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Alimentary Tract of the Digestive System

A

Salivary Glands
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The innermost tunic of the wall of digestive tract.

A

Mucosa or mucous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

It lines the lumen of the digestive tract.

A

Mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The mucosa consists of epithelium, an underlying loose connective tissue layer called __________, and a thin layer of smooth muscle called the ________.

A

lamina propria, muscularis mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A thick layer of loose connective tissue that surrounds the mucosa.

A

Submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

This layer also contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves.

A

Submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Glands may be embedded in this layer of digestive tract.

A

Submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

These layers of smooth muscle are used for peristalsis (rhythmic waves of contraction), to move food down through the gut.

A

Muscular layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Outermost layer of loose connective tissue - covered by the visceral peritoneum.

A

Serous layer or serosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Contains blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves.

A

Serous layer or serosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

also referred to as the oral or buccal cavity, is formed by the cheeks, hard and soft palates, and tongue.

A

Mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The first part of the digestive tract.

A

Mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

It is adapted to receive food by ingestion, break it into small particles by mastication, and mix it with saliva.

A

Mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Form the lateral walls of the oral cavity.

A

Cheeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

They are covered externally by skin and internally by a mucous membrane, which consists of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

A

Cheeks

29
Q

fleshy folds surrounding the opening of the mouth.

A

Lips or labia

30
Q

They contain the orbicularis oris muscle and are covered externally by skin and internally by a mucous membrane.

A

Lips or labia

31
Q

The inner surface of each lip is attached to its corresponding gum by a midline fold of mucous membrane called the _______.

A

labial frenulum

32
Q

The roof of the oral cavity.

A

Palate

33
Q

accessory digestive organs located in sockets of the alveolar processes of the mandible and maxillae

A

teeth

34
Q

there are ____ teeth in a complete permanent (secondary) set

A

32

35
Q

a complete set of deciduous (primary teeth contains _____ teeth

A

20

36
Q

two dentitions, or set of teeth

A

deciduous and permanent

37
Q

primary teeth, milk teeth, or baby teeth

A

deciduous

38
Q

teeth that erupt between age 6 & adulthood

A

permanent

39
Q

contains 20 teeth

A

deciduous

40
Q

erupt at about 6 months of age (approximately 2 teeth appear each month until all 20 are present).

A

deciduous

41
Q

closest to the midline; chisel-shaped & adapted for cutting into food and referred to as either central/lateral incisors based on their position

A

Incisors

42
Q

have a pointed surface called a cusp; used to tear & shred food

A

Canines

43
Q

contains 32 teeth

A

permanent

44
Q

Erupt between age 6 and adulthood

A

permanent

45
Q

a funnel-shaped tube that extends from the internal nares to the esophagus posteriorly and to the larynx anteriorly

A

pharynx

46
Q

composed of skeletal muscle and lined by mucous membrane

A

pharynx

47
Q

also known as labia

A

lips

48
Q

The __________ is a collapsible muscular tube that serves as a passageway between the pharynx and stomach.

A

esophagus

49
Q

It receives food from the esophagus, is located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen.

A

stomach

50
Q

Four different types of cells that make up the gastric glands:

A

mucous cells
parietal cells
chief cells
endocrine cells

51
Q

It extends from the pyloric sphincter to the ileocecal valve, where it empties into the large intestine.

A

small intestine

52
Q

It finishes the process of digestion, absorbs the nutrients, and passes the residue on to the large intestine.

A

small intestine

53
Q

What accessory organs of the digestive system that are closely associated with the small intestine?

A

liver
gallbladder
pancreas

54
Q

It is larger in diameter than the small intestine

A

large intestine

55
Q

It begins at the ileocecal junction, where the ileum enters the large intestine, and ends at the anus.

A

large intestine

56
Q

It consists of the colon, rectum, and anal canal.

A

large intestine

57
Q

It produces no digestive enzymes

A

large intestine

58
Q

It has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

A

Pancreas

59
Q

It include anylase, trypsin, peptidase, and lipase.

A

Pancreatic enzymes

60
Q

It is controlled by the hormones secretin and cholecystokinin.

A

Pancreatic secretion

61
Q

It is a pear-shaped sac that is attached to the visceral surface of the liver by the cystic duct.

A

Gallbladder

62
Q

What is the principal function of the gallbladder?

A

It serves as a storage reservoir for bile.

63
Q

It is a yellowish-green fluid produced by liver cells.

A

Bile

64
Q

What are the main components of Bile?

A

Water bile salts
bile pigments
cholesterol

65
Q

It act as emulsifying agents in the digestion and absorption of fats.

A

Bile salts

66
Q

From the breakdown of hemoglobin are excreted from the body in the bile.

A

Cholesterol and bile pigments

67
Q

It is located primarily in the right hypochondriac and epigastric regions of the abdomen, just beneath the diaphragm.

A

Liver

68
Q

The largest gland in the body

A

Liver

69
Q

Three pairs of major salivary glands:

A

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual glands

ANAPHY LAB 2 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions