Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology and Human A&P > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

stomat
or

A

mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

gloss
lingu

A

tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

bucc

A

cheek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cheil
labi

A

lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

dent
odont

A

teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

gingiv

A

gums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sil

A

saliva or salivary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

esophag

A

esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pharyng

A

pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

gastr

A

stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pylor

A

pylorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

duoden

A

duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

enter

A

intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

jejun

A

jejunum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ile

A

ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

appen
appendic

A

appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

col
colon

A

colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

sigmoid

A

sigmoid colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

rect

A

rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

proct

A

anus
rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

an

A

anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

hepat

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

panreat

A

pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cholangi

A

bile vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

chol

A

bile, gall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

cholecyst

A

gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

choledoch

A

bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

emsis

A

vomit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

iasis

A

abnormal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

megaly

A

enlargement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

orexia

A

appetite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

pepsia

A

digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

phagia

A

swallowing, eating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

prandial

A

meal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

rrhea

A

discharge, flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

dia

A

through, across

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

peri

A

around

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

sub

A

under, below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

anorexia

A

lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation of the appendix, usually caused by obstruction or infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, resulting in chronic liver disease, neoplasm, or inflammatory disorder in the abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

borborygmus

A

rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents on the intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

cachexia

A

physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass and is commonly associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

cholelithiasis

A

presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

cirrhosis

A

scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

crohn disease

A

form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), usually of the ileum but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract, also called regional enteritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

dysentery

A

inflammation of the intestine, especially the colon, that can be caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, bacteria, protozoa, or parasites and results in bloody diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

flatus

A

gas in the GI tract, expelling of air from the body orifice, especially the anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus as a result of a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

halitosis

A

foul-smelling breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting of blood from the bleeding in the stomach or esopphagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

hemorrhoids

A

swollen varicose veins in the anorectal region categorized as external or internal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

intestinal obstruction

A

mechanical or functional blockage of the intestines that occurs when the contents on the intestine cannot move forward through the intestinal tract because of the partial or complete blockage of the bowel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

A

symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function for which no organic cause can be determines, also called spastic colon

55
Q

malabsorption syndrome

A

symptom complex of the small intestine characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph

56
Q

melena

A

dark, tarlike feces that contains digested blood from bleeding in the esophagus or stomach

57
Q

obesity

A

excessive accumulation of fat exceeds the body’s skeletal and physical standards, usually an increase of 20% or more above ideal body weight

58
Q

morbid

A

obesity in which body mass index (BMI)) in greater than 40, and generally 100 lb or more ideal body weight

59
Q

obstipation

A

severe constipation, which may be caused by an intestinal obstruction

60
Q

oral leukoplakia

A

formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue, lips, or cheeks caused primarily by irritation

61
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

62
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

stricture or narrowing of the phyloric sphincter at the outlet of the stomach, causeing an obstruction that blocks the flow of food into the small instestine

63
Q

regurgitation

A

a backward flow, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach

64
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

chromic inflammatory disease of the colon, commonly beginning in the rectum or sigmoid colon and extending upward into the entire colon

65
Q

gastrointestinal endoscopy

A

visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract using a flexible fiberoptic instrument with magnifying lens and light source to identify abnormalities including bleeding, ulcerations, and tumors

66
Q

hepatitis panel

A

panel of blood tests that identifies the specific virus that is causing hepatitis by testing serum using antibodies to each of these antigens

67
Q

liver function test

A

group of blood tests that evaluate liver injury, liver function, and conditions commonly associated with biliary tract

68
Q

serum bilirubin

A

measurement of the level of bilirubin in the blood

69
Q

stool culture

A

test to identify microorganisms or parasites present in feces that are causing a gastrointestinal infection

70
Q

stool guaiac

A

test that applies a substance called guaiac to stool sample to detect the presence of occult (hidden) blood in the feces, also called hemoccult

71
Q

computed tomography

A

imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity or transmitted rays from different angles

72
Q

lower gastrointestinal series

A

radiographic images of the rectum and colon following administration of barium into the rectum, also called lower GI series or barium enema

73
Q

oral chelecystography

A

radiographic images taken of the gallbladder after administration of a contrast material containing iodine, usually in the form of a tablet

74
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field, rather than an x-ray beam, to produce highly detailed, multiplanar, cross-sectional views of soft tissues

75
Q

magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)

A

Special MRI technique that produces detailed images of the hepatobiliary and pancreatic systems, including the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, pancreas, and pancreatic duct

76
Q

ultrasonography (US)

A

Test in which high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) are directed at soft tissue and reflected as “echoes” to produce an image on a monitor of an internal body structure; also called ultrasound, sonography, and echo

77
Q

abdominal

A

Ultrasound visualization of the abdominal aorta, liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, pancreas, kidneys, ureters, and bladder

78
Q

endoscopic

A

Combination of endoscopy and ultrasound that examines and obtains images of the digestive tract and the surrounding tissues and organs

79
Q

upper gastrointestinal series (UGIS)

A

Radiographic images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine following oral administration of barium; also called barium swallow

80
Q

anastomosis

A

Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

81
Q

ileorectal

A

Surgical connection of the ileum and rectum after total colectomy, as is sometimes performed in the treatment of ulcerative colitis

82
Q

intestinal

A

Surgical connection of two portions of the intestines

83
Q

appendectomy

A

Excision of a diseased appendix using an open or laparoscopic procedure

84
Q

open

A

Excision of a diseased appendix through a 2” to 3” incision in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen

85
Q

laparoscopic

A

Minimally invasive appendectomy using three small abdominal incisions while monitoring an enlarged image of the surgical site projected on a monitor

86
Q

bariatric surgery

A

Group of procedures that treat morbid obesity, a condition that arises from severe accumulation of excess weight as fatty tissue, and the resultant health problems

87
Q

vertical banded gastroplasty

A

Bariatric surgery that involves vertical stapling of the upper stomach near the esophagus to reduce it to a small pouch and insertion of a band that restricts food consumption and delays its passage from the pouch, causing a feeling of fullness

88
Q

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

A

Bariatric surgery that involves vertical stapling of the upper stomach near the esophagus to reduce it to a small pouch and insertion of a band that restricts food consumption and delays its passage from the pouch, causing a feeling of fullness

89
Q

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB)

A

Bariatric surgery that involves stapling the stomach to decrease its size and then shortening the jejunum and connecting it to the small stomach pouch, causing the base of the duodenum leading from the nonfunctioning portion of the stomach to form a Y configuration, which decreases the pathway of food through the intestine, thus reducing absorption of calories and fats; also called gastric bypass with gastroenterostomy

90
Q

colostomy

A

Surgical procedure in which a surgeon forms an opening (stoma) by drawing the healthy end of the colon through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall and suturing it into place

91
Q

lithotripsy

A

Procedure for crushing a stone and eliminating its fragments surgically or using ultrasonic shock waves

92
Q

extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

A

Use of shock waves as a noninvasive method to break up stones in the gallbladder or biliary ducts

93
Q

paracentesis

A

Procedure to remove fluid from the abdomen using a long, thin needle inserted through the belly; also called abdominocentesis

94
Q

polypectomy

A

Excision of a polyp

95
Q

nasogastric intubation

A

Insertion of a nasogastric tube through the nose into the stomach to relieve gastric distention by removing gas, food, or gastric secretions; instill medication, food, or fluids; or obtain a specimen for laboratory analysis

96
Q

antacids

A

Counteract or neutralize acidity, usually in the stomach

97
Q

antidiarrheals

A

Control loose stools and relieve diarrhea by absorbing excess water in the bowel or slowing peristalsis in the intestinal tract

98
Q

antiemetics

A

Control nausea and vomiting by blocking nerve impulses to the vomiting center of the brain

99
Q

antispasmodics

A

Decrease gastrointestinal (GI) spasms by slowing peristalsis and motility throughout the GI tract

100
Q

histamine-2 (H2) blockers

A

Inhibit secretion of stomach acid from the gastric cells by blocking the H2

101
Q

laxatives

A

Treat constipation by increasing peristaltic activity in the large intestine or increasing water and electrolyte secretion into the bowel to induce defecation

102
Q

proton pump inhibitors

A

Suppress basal and stimulated acid production by inhibiting the acid pump in the gastric cells

103
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immune deficiency syndrome

104
Q

BA

A

BArium

105
Q

BaE, BE

A

barium enema

106
Q

BM

A

bowel movenment

107
Q

MBI

A

body mass

108
Q

CT

A

computed tomography

109
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

110
Q

ESWL

A

extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy

111
Q

EUS

A

endoscopic ultrasonography (x-ray studies)

112
Q

GBS

A

gallbladder series

113
Q

GER

A

gastroesophageal reflux

114
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

115
Q

OCG

A

oral cholecystography

116
Q

PE

A

physical examination; pulmonary embolism; pressure-equalizing (tube)

117
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

118
Q

R/O

A

rule out

119
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

120
Q

HAV

A

hepatitis A virus

121
Q

HBV

A

hepatitis B virus

122
Q

HCV

A

hepatitis C virus

123
Q

HDV

A

hepatitis D virus

124
Q

HEV

A

hepatitis E virus

125
Q

IBS

A

irritable bowel syndrome

126
Q

LFT

A

liver function test

127
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

128
Q

MRCP

A

magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography

129
Q

NG

A

nasogastric

130
Q

NSAID

A

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

131
Q

RGB

A

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

132
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

133
Q

UGIS

A

upper gastrointestinal series

134
Q

US

A

ultrasound; ultrasonography

Medical Terminology and Human A&P (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions