{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "Brainscape", "url": "https://www.brainscape.com/", "logo": "https://www.brainscape.com/pks/images/cms/public-views/shared/Brainscape-logo-c4e172b280b4616f7fda.svg", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/Brainscape", "https://x.com/brainscape", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/brainscape", "https://www.instagram.com/brainscape/", "https://www.tiktok.com/@brainscapeu", "https://www.pinterest.com/brainscape/", "https://www.youtube.com/@BrainscapeNY" ], "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "(929) 334-4005", "contactType": "customer service", "availableLanguage": ["English"] }, "founder": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Andrew Cohen" }, "description": "Brainscape’s spaced repetition system is proven to DOUBLE learning results! Find, make, and study flashcards online or in our mobile app. Serious learners only.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "159 W 25th St, Ste 517", "addressLocality": "New York", "addressRegion": "NY", "postalCode": "10001", "addressCountry": "USA" } }

Digestive System Flashcards

(32 cards)

1
Q

What is the main purpose of the GI tract?

A

The intake of nutrients for use of metabolism and excreting waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the name of the whole tube of the digestive system?

A

Alignmentary cannal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

5 steps of GI?

A

1) Food ingested
2) Mechanical digestion
3) Chemical digestion
4) Absorption
5) Excrete waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 2 factors that help the overall GI?

A

1) Motility

2) Secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

7 main organs of the DS with measurements?

A

1) Oesophagus - 25cm
2) Stomach
3) Duodenum - 26cm
4) Jejunum + ileum - 4-6m
5) Colon - 135cm
6) Rectum - 12cm
7) Anal canal - 4cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

4 parts of the colon?

A

1) Ascending - 15cm
2) Transverse - 45cm
3) Descending - 30cm
4) Sigmoid - 45cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

4 accessory glands of the DS?

A

1) Salivary glands - enzymes + moisture
2) Pancrease - Enzymes
3) Liver + gall bladder
4) Appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

4 physiological process of the DS?

A

1) Motility
2) Secretion
3) Digestion
4) Absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 ways that control motility?

A

1) Peristalsis
2) Segmentation
3) Sphincters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the name of the serous membrane that encloses the abdominal cavity?

A

Peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the two types of peritoneum?

A

1) Parietal

2) Visceral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 3 main reflections of peritoneum and where are they found?

A

1) Mesentery - from posterior below kidney
2) Retroperitoneum - found posterior outside of peritoneum eg. kidneys
3) Omeutum - organ to organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Two types of Omeutum?

A

1) Greater - anterior

2) Lesser between organs transversely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the 3 main arteries that lead to the abdominal area

A

1) Celiac trunk
2) Superior mesenteric
3) Inferior mesenteric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name the 3 branches of the celiac trunk

A

1) L-Gastric
2) Splenic
3) Common Hepatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name the 3 branches of the sup mesenteric

A

1) Colic arteries
2) Intestinal arteries
3) Ileocolic artery

17
Q

Name the 3 branches of the inf mesenteric

A

1) L-colic artery
2) Sigmoid art
3) Sup rectal art

18
Q

Name 4 types of epithelial tissue cells

A

1) Squamous - flat
2) Cuboidal - cube
3) Columnar - column
4) Compound - mixture

19
Q

Where would you most likely find squamous cells?

20
Q

Where would you most likely find cuboidal cells?

A

Salivary glands

21
Q

Where would you most likely find columnar cells?

A

Small intestines

22
Q

Where would you most likely find compound cells?

23
Q

In terms of histology, how does a secretion cell differ to an absorption cell?

A
Secretion = boundary
Absorption = connected to the brush border
24
Q

What are the 4 layers of the GI wall?

A

1) Mucosa
2) Submucosa
3) Muscularis
4) Adventitia

25
What are the two layers of the muscularis and why?
1) Inner circular muscle for diameter | 2) Outer longitudinal muscle for length
26
What are the 2 areas in the GI wall that the nervous system attaches to?
1) Meissner's (submucosal) plexus | 2) Myenteric plexus
27
What is the purpose of the nervous system being placed in these certain areas?
``` Meissner = controls secretion Myenteric = muscular control - peristalsis ```
28
Struct of the oesophagus
``` Mucosa = lining Muscularis = motility ```
29
Phys of the oesophagus
Protection + movement
30
What are the 3 types of salivary glands?
1) Submandibular - mixed 2) Parotid - serous 3) Sublingual - mucous
31
Difference between serous and mucous?
``` Serous = fluid, enzymes, dark Mucous = Thick, slimy, clear ```
32
What is a acinus?
A "bowl" of secretory cells