Digestive System

Question 1

What is the function of the mouth (buccal cavity)?

Answer 1

To chew and eat food

Mix with saliva - has enzymes

Question 2

What is the function of the salivary glands?

Answer 2

Releases saliva - has enzymes

Breaks stuff down

Question 3

What is the function of the epiglottis?

Answer 3

Stops air going down oesophagus and food going down your trachea

Question 4

What is the function of the oesophagus?

Answer 4

Muscular tube

Question 5

What is the function of the stomach?

Answer 5

Muscular bag
Contains acid and enzymes
Mixes food with acid - kills bacteria
Breaks food up

Question 6

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 6

Helps to further digest food coming from the stomach

Question 7

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 7

Breaks down, balances and creates nutrients

Question 8

What is the function of the pancreas?

Answer 8

During digestion, it makes pancreatic juices called enzymes - breaks down sugars, fats and starches

Question 9

What is the function of the gallbladder?

Answer 9

Stores bile - helps your digestive system break down fats

Question 10

What is the function of bile duct?

Answer 10

Allows bile to go from the liver and gallbladder into the small intestine

Question 11

What is the function of pancreatic duct?

Answer 11

Aids in digestion

Question 12

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 12

Absorbing water and electrolytes
Producing and absorbing vitamins
Forming and propelling faeces towards the rectum for elimination

Question 13

What is the function of the rectum?

Answer 13

Receive stool from the colon
Let you know there is stool to be eliminated
Hold the stool until elimination happens

Question 14

What is the function of the anus?

Answer 14

Opening at the far end of the digestive tract where stool leaves the body
Lets you know whether contents are liquid, gas or solid

Question 15

What is mechanical digestion?

Answer 15

Makes food particles smaller (easier for enzymes to break down)
Buccal cavity (teeth and tongue chop, churn and chew food)
Muscular stomach wall churns food which makes pieces smaller, creating chyme
Pulverised food has more surface area for chemical digestion

Question 16

What is chemical digestion?

Answer 16

Enzymes are specialised proteins that chemically digest nutrients into smaller soluble units
In mouth enzymes in saliva begin breakdown of carbohydrates
In stomach enzymes begin breakdown of protein and hydrochloric acid begins to dissolve nutrients
In small intestine molecules are broken down by bile and pancreatic juice
Different enzymes act on certain nutrients (due to shape) breaking chemical bonds turning them into smaller molecules

Question 17

Where is bile produced?

Answer 17

Liver

Question 18

Where is bile stored?

Answer 18

Gall bladder

Question 19

What carries bile to the small intestine?

Answer 19

Bile duct

Question 20

What nutrient does bile act on?

Answer 20

Fats

Question 21

What does pancreatic juice contain?

Answer 21

Many many enzymes

Question 22

Where are villi found?

Answer 22

Walls of the small intestine

Question 23

What do they do?

Answer 23

Increase surface area for maximum nutrient absorption