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Embryology > Digestive, Respiratory, Skeletal and Muscle development > Flashcards

Digestive, Respiratory, Skeletal and Muscle development Flashcards

1
Q

Endoderm of foregut and ectoderm of stomodeum forms?

A

Oropharyngeal membrane

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2
Q

Endoderm of hindgut and ectoderm of proctodeum forms?

A

cloacal membrane

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3
Q

Which Pair does not go together?

A. Stomodeum – oropharyngeal membrane
B. proctodeum – cloacal membrane
C. Stomodeum – ectodermal depression
D. proctodeum – oropharyngeal membrane

A

D. proctodeum – oropharyngeal membrane

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4
Q

What does the stomodeum develop into?

A

Mouth

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5
Q

What parts of the body does the Forgut develop into?

A

Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach & Cranial part of Duodenum

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6
Q

What parts of the body does the Midgut develop into?

A

Caudal part of duodenum, jejunum, ilium, cecum nd cranial part of colon

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7
Q

What does the hindgut become?

A

Caudal part of colon
Rectum

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8
Q

What does the proctodeum become?

A

Anal canal and anus

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9
Q

Dilation of foregut develops…
A. Stomodeum
B. Spleen
C. Stomach
D. Hindgut

A

C. Stomach

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10
Q

Which part of the stomach grows faster?
A. pylorus
B. cardiac
C. fundus

A

A. pylorus

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11
Q

Longitudinal rotation of stomach causes _____________

A

Greater curvature to move to the fetal left

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12
Q

Blood supply to the midgut is supplied by what artery?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

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13
Q

What condition results in the failure of anal membrane to break down?

A

Imperforate anus

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14
Q

What condition will find feces in the urinary canal (abnormality)?

A

urorectal fistula

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15
Q

What develops as a ventral outgrowth of endoderm at terminal part of foregut?

A

Liver/hepatic bud

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16
Q

They cystic duct + hepatic duct = ?

A

Bile duct

17
Q

T/F
The dorsal pancreatic bud and ventral pancreatic bud are formed from gut endoderm.

A

True

18
Q

What does the cephalic primitive gut form?

A

Foregut

19
Q

What does the caudal primitive gut form?

A

Hindgut

20
Q

Name the body wall closure defect that causes the bladder, rectum and anal canal to be exposed.

A

Cloacal exstrophy

21
Q

What is the term that is also referred to as the primitive oral cavity?

A

Stomodeum

22
Q

At birth, the tracheal bifurcation is by which thoracic vertebrae?

A

4

23
Q

What is the name of cells that differentiate into fibroblasts, chondroblasts, and osteoblasts?

A

Sclerotome

24
Q

What part of the skull forms the skeleton of the face?

A

Viscerocranium

25
Q

What fontanelle closes at 6 months of age?

A

Sphenoidal Fontanelle

26
Q

What kind of cartilage contributes to the formation of the middle ear ossicles, malleus and incus?

A

Meckel

27
Q

What are the four contents of lung fluid?

A

Chlorine
Mucus
Protein
Surfactant

28
Q

What is the phase of lung maturation that cones until 10 years of age?

A

Terminal Sac

29
Q

What is the embryonic folding that plays a key role in moving the shrinking yolk sac towards the midgut?

A

Cephalocaudal

30
Q

What is the ossification process which initially involves the formation of hyaline cartilage?

A

Endochondral

31
Q

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about neurocranium?
A. chondrocranium is a part of neurocranium
B. all bones undergo endochondral ossification only
C. Consists of flat bones
D. Bones are formed by both types of ossification processes

A

B. all bones undergo endochondral ossification only

32
Q

What is the condition where the brain fails to grow to its normal size?

A

Microcephaly

33
Q

Which are the 2 primary spinal curves that are formed first?

A

Thoracic and Sacral

34
Q

Of the two secondary spinal curves, which forms first?

A

Cervical

35
Q

Which 2 parts of the somite contribute to the formation of muscles?

A

Myotome and dermatome

Embryology (3 decks)

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