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Year 9-Biology > Digestion And Food Tests > Flashcards

Digestion And Food Tests Flashcards

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0
Q

What is a stroke?

A

The loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted

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1
Q

What is a heart attack?

A

The result of a blocked coronary artery which supplies the heart with oxygen and glucose

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2
Q

What are processed foods?

A

Often contain additives, artificial flavours and other chemical ingredients

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3
Q

What is the test for starch?

A

Iodine Test

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4
Q

What are the colour changes in the iodine test?

A

Orange/yellow to blue/black

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5
Q

What is the test for sugar?

A

Benedict’s Test

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6
Q

What are the colour changes in the Benedict’s test?

A

Blue to green to brick red

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7
Q

What is the test for protein?

A

Biuret test

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8
Q

What are the colour changes in the Biuret test?

A

Pale blue to violet

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9
Q

What is the test for fat?

A

Emulsion test

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10
Q

What are the changes in the emulsion test?

A

Water becomes cloudy especially at the top

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11
Q

How do you work out the energy in food?

A

Rise in temperature x volume of water x 4.2

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12
Q

How many KJs are in 1g of Protein?

A

17kJ

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13
Q

How many kJs are in 1g of Fat?

A

37kJ

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14
Q

How many kJs are in 1g of Carbohydrates?

A

17kJ

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15
Q

What are the incisors?

A

Found at the front of mouth

Used to bite

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16
Q

What are the canines?

A

Found at the side of the mouth

Used for tearing

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17
Q

What are the premolars and molars?

A

Found at the back of mouth

Used for chewing and grinding

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18
Q

What is enamel?

A

The outer covering of a tooth which is very hard

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19
Q

What is dentine?

A

Found below the enamel

Contains living cells

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20
Q

What is the pulp cavity?

A

Contains nerves and blood vessels

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21
Q

What is the cement and periodontal fibres?

A

Holds the tooth in the socket

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22
Q

What is ingestion?

A

Food is taken through the mouth

23
Q

What is digestion?

A

The food broken down from insoluble to soluble substances

24
Q

What is assimilation?

A

Soluble products taken to cells and used

25
Q

What is egestion?

A

Food removed out of anus

26
Q

What is mechanical digestion?

A

Food is broken up by the teeth and tongue and churned in the stomach by muscular movements

27
Q

What is chemical digestion?

A

Food is broken down by enzymes

28
Q

What are enzymes?

A

They speed up the chemical reaction without being used up

29
Q

What is amylase?

A

Breaks down starch into glucose

30
Q

What is protease?

A

Breaks down proteins into amino acids

31
Q

What is lipase?

A

Breaks down fat into fatty acids and glycerol

32
Q

What is the first part of the digestive system?

A

The mouth

33
Q

What happens in the mouth?

A

Food is mechanically digested by the teeth

Food is mixed with saliva which lubricates the food for swallowing

34
Q

What is the second part of the digestive system?

A

The oesophagus

35
Q

What happens in the oesophagus?

A

Food is pushed along this tube form the mouth to the stomach by waves of muscles in a process called peristalsis

36
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

The muscle contraction and relaxation moving the food through the digestive system

37
Q

What is the third part of the digestive system?

A

The stomach

38
Q

What happens in the stomach?

A

Food stays in the stomach for about 4 hours
Food is mechanically digested by the constant muscle contraction
Glands in stomach wall release hydrochloric acid which kills germs

39
Q

What is the fourth part of the digestive system?

A

Digestion in the small intestine, liver and pancreas

40
Q

What is the small intestine?

A

The longest part of the digestive system

41
Q

What is duodenum?

A

First part of the small intestine

42
Q

What is the gall bladder?

A

This is where bile is stored after it has been made in the liver

43
Q

What is emulsion?

A

Formed when fat is broken down into smaller droplets which. Increase the surface area for enzymes to function

44
Q

What is the pancreas?

A

Contains amylase, protease and lipase

45
Q

What is the ileum?

A

The small intestine where digestion is completed

46
Q

What happens in the small intestine, liver and pancreas?

A

Blue is made in your liver and stored in your gall bladder

It is released into the duodenum and because it’s alkaline, it helps to neutralise the stomach acid

47
Q

What is the fifth part of the digestive system?

A

Absorption

48
Q

What is absorption?

A

The movement of digested food into molecules from the intestines to the blood

49
Q

What is villi?

A

Finger-like projections which increase the surface area for absorption

50
Q

What is the sixth part of the digestive system?

A

The large intestine

51
Q

What happens in the large intestine?

A

All that is left of the food is a wet mixture of indigestible fibre, bacteria and dead cells which have rubbed off the lining of the gut wall
Most of the remaining water is reabsorbed into the bloodstream

52
Q

What is reabsorption?

A

In the large intestine, water is reabsorbed back into the blood

53
Q

What is the last part of the digestive system?

A

Excretion

54
Q

What is excretion?

A

The removal of toxic metabolic waste substances produced through chemical reactions in the body

Year 9-Biology (2 decks)

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