Digestion and Enzymes

Question 1

What food is being detected in Benedict’s reagent test?

Answer 1

Glucose

Question 2

Which four colours show a positive result in Benedict’s reagent test?

Answer 2

Red, orange, yellow and green

Question 3

Which food is being detected in the Iodine test?

Answer 3

Starch

Question 4

Which colour shows a negative result in Benedict’s reagent test?

Answer 4

Blue

Question 5

Which two colours show a positive result in the iodine test?

Answer 5

Blue and black

Question 6

Which colour shows a negative result in the iodine test?

Answer 6

Brown

Question 7

Which food is being detected in the biuret test?

Answer 7

Protein

Question 8

Which colour shows a positive result in the biuret test?

Answer 8

Purple

Question 9

Which colour shows a negative result in the biuret test?

Answer 9

Blue

Question 10

Which food is being detected in the Sudan III stain test?

Answer 10

Fat

Question 11

What shows a positive result in the Sudan III stain test?

Answer 11

A top layer, stained red, forming

Question 12

What shows a negative result in the Sudan III stain test?

Answer 12

No separate layer forming

Question 13

What are enzymes?

Answer 13

Protein molecules made up of long chains of amino acids that are folded

Question 14

Why are enzymes called biological catalysts?

Answer 14

They speed up the rate of reactions without being used up themselves

Question 15

Where do reactions happen in enzymes?

Answer 15

The active site

Question 16

Why do enzymes work like a lock and key?

Answer 16

Only one specific type of substrate will fit in the active site of any one enzyme

Question 17

What is optimum in terms of enzymes?

Answer 17

The best condition to allow enzymes to work

Question 18

What is a denatured enzyme?

Answer 18

When the active site of an enzyme has changed shape and it will no longer work

Question 19

What will happen in terms of enzymes when there is a low temperature?

Answer 19

There will be little kinetic energy and therefore there will be fewer collisions

Question 20

What will happen in terms of enzymes when there is a medium temperature?

Answer 20

There will be lots of kinetic energy and therefore there will be more collisions

Question 21

What will happen in terms of enzymes when there is a high temperature?

Answer 21

The heat will break bonds and denature enzymes

Question 22

What will happen in terms of enzymes when there is a low pH?

Answer 22

The acidity will denature enzymes therefore there will be a low rate of reaction

Question 23

What will happen in terms of enzymes when there is a medium pH?

Answer 23

There will be many collisions therefore there will be a high rate of reaction

Question 24

What will happen in terms of enzymes when there is a high pH?

Answer 24

The alkaline will denature the enzymes therefore there will be a low rate of reaction

Question 25

What will happen in terms of enzymes when there is a low substrate concentration?

Answer 25

There will be less chance of collision therefore there will be a low rate of reaction

Question 26

What will happen in terms of enzymes when there is a medium substrate concentration?

Answer 26

There will be more chance of collision therefore there will be a high rate of reaction

Question 27

What will happen in terms of enzymes when there is a high substrate concentration?

Answer 27

All active sites will be full

Question 28

What do carbohydrase break down?

Answer 28

Carbohydrates

Question 29

What do carbohydrase break carbohydrates down into?

Answer 29

Glucose

Question 30

Where are carbohydrase found?

Answer 30

The salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine

Question 31

What do protease break down?

Answer 31

Proteins

Question 32

What do protease break proteins down into?

Answer 32

Amino acids

Question 33

Where are protease found?

Answer 33

The stomach, pancreas and small intestine

Question 34

What do lipase break down?

Answer 34

Lipids

Question 35

What do lipase break lipids down into?

Answer 35

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 36

Where are lipase found?

Answer 36

The pancreas and small intestine

Question 37

Where is the mouth?

Answer 37

Above the oesophagus

Question 38

Where is the oesophagus?

Answer 38

Below the mouth and above the stomach

Question 39

Where is the stomach?

Answer 39

To the right of the liver, below the oesophagus and above the pancreas

Question 40

Where is the liver?

Answer 40

To the left of the stomach and above the gallbladder

Question 41

Where is the pancreas?

Answer 41

To the right of the gallbladder, below the stomach and above the large intestine

Question 42

Where is the gallbladder?

Answer 42

To the left of the pancreas, below the liver and above the large intestine

Question 43

Where is the small intestine?

Answer 43

Surrounded by the large intestine and above the rectum

Question 44

Where is the large intestine?

Answer 44

Around the small intestine, below the pancreas and the gallbladder and above the rectum

Question 45

Where is the rectum?

Answer 45

Below the intestines and above the anus

Question 46

Where is the anus?

Answer 46

Below the rectum

Question 47

What is the role of the mouth?

Answer 47

To break food down into smaller pieces and add saliva and enzymes to break down carbohydrates

Question 48

What is the role of the oesophagus?

Answer 48

To connect the mouth and stomach and squeeze food towards the stomach by peristalsis

Question 49

What is the role of the stomach?

Answer 49

To churn food with acid and add protein-digesting enzymes

Question 50

What is the role of the liver?

Answer 50

To make bile to emulsify lipids and neutralise acid and process nutrients

Question 51

What is the role of the pancreas?

Answer 51

To make digestive enzymes and secrete them into the small intestine

Question 52

What is the role of the gallbladder?

Answer 52

To store bile and release it into the small intestine when needed

Question 53

What is the role of the large intestine?

Answer 53

To allow water to pass through the walls into the blood and pass undigested food along to the rectum

Question 53

What is the role of the small intestine?

Answer 53

To complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids and allow nutrients to pass through the walls into the blood