Digestion 6.3

Question 1

Incisor

Answer 1

Front, small rectangular shaped teeth, chisel-shaped, for cutting food

Question 2

Canine

Answer 2

Either side of incisors, sharp pointed teeth, for biting and tearing food

Question 3

Premolar

Answer 3

Behind canines, have two points (cusps), for grinding soft food

Question 4

Molar

Answer 4

Behind premolars, have four or five cusps, for grinding hard food

Question 5

Enamel

Answer 5

Hardest tissue in the body. Made from calcium salts and protects the inner part of the tooth.

Question 6

Dentine

Answer 6

Below the enamel, softer than enamel but harder than bone, provides support to the enamel Made from calcium ions.

Question 7

Pulp

Answer 7

Inside the dentine is a pulp which contains a blood supply and nerve endings to detect pain.

Question 8

Nerves

Answer 8

in the “root” of the tooth, provides the sensation of heat or cold

Question 9

Cementum

Answer 9

Anchors the tooth to the jaw. Made from calcium ions.

Question 10

Gums

Answer 10

the tissue that surrounds and protects the teeth and underlying bone. attached to the tooth, forming a seal that protects the underlying bone and helps provide a barrier against infection

Question 11

Dental Decay

Answer 11

Bacteria are present on the surface of our teeth. Bacteria feed on sugars, they produce acids from this. The acid dissolves the enamel covering our teeth and forms a hole.

If thus reaches the pulp which contains nerve endings, toothache can occur.

Question 12

Amylase

Answer 12

Secreted by the salivary glands

amylase breaks down starch (substrate) to glucose (product)

Question 13

Protease

Answer 13

Secreted by the stomach and pancreas

protease breaks down protein to amino acids

Question 14

Lipase

Answer 14

Secreted by the pancreas

lipase breaks down lipids (fats/oils) to fatty acids and glycerol

Question 15

Hydrochloric Acid

Answer 15

killing bacteria in food

and giving an acid pH for enzymes

Question 16

Bile

Answer 16

Bile is made in the liver and then stored and secreted by the gallbladder.

Neutralises the pH - providing the alkaline conditions needed in the small intestine

Emulsifies fats - to increase the surface area

Question 17

Villus

Answer 17

Provides a thin, moist, large surface area for small intestines. Causes efficient diffusion/absorption of nutrients.

Question 18

Lacteal

Answer 18

Absorb and take away fatty acids and glycerol

Question 19

Capillaries

Answer 19

Have a rich blood supply to take nutrients away.