Digestion

Question 1

structure of digestive tract (GIT)

Answer 1

muscular tube, extends from mouth to anus

Question 2

mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestine are all?

Answer 2

digestive organs

Question 3

Teeth, Tongue, Salivary glands, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas are all?

Answer 3

accessory organs

Question 4

order of layers in the GIT

Answer 4

mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa (going from upper most)

Question 5

where does ingestion occur?

Answer 5

mouth

Question 6

function of ingestion?

Answer 6

start of digestive process, taking food through the mouth

Question 7

where does mechanical processing occur?

Answer 7

begins in the mouth with chewing or mastication and continues with churning and mixing actions in the stomach

Question 8

function of mechanical processing

Answer 8

Easier to propel along tract, Increases surface area to allow easier breakdown

Question 9

where does digestion occur

Answer 9

stomach

Question 10

function of digestion

Answer 10

break down complex food molecules into their chemical building blocks

Question 11

where does secretion occur

Answer 11

small intestine

Question 12

function of secretion

Answer 12

break down complex food molecules into their chemical building blocks

Question 13

where does absorption occur

Answer 13

small intestine

Question 14

function of absorption

Answer 14

Movement of substrates, electrolytes, vitamins and water across epithelium into interstitial fluid.

Question 15

where does excretion occur

Answer 15

anus, GIT

Question 16

function of excretion

Answer 16

Removal of indigestible waste products from body

Question 17

order of things in GIT

Answer 17

ingestion, mechanical breakdown, propulsion, digestion, absorption, excretion

Question 18

2 main types of intestinal movement

Answer 18

Peristalsis (forward movement) and segmentation (churning and mixing)

Question 19

function of oral cavity

Answer 19

Mechanical processing, lubrication,

Question 20

function of saliva

Answer 20

Lubrication of mouth, Cleanse mouth and teeth, Moistening food, Begins chemical digestion

Question 21

process of swallowing

Answer 21

1. buccal phase - voluntary
2. pharyngeal phase - involuntary

Question 22

functions of stomach

Answer 22

mechanical breakdown, chemical digestion

Question 23

regulation of gastric activity

Answer 23

1. cephalic phase - brain prepares stomach for food
2. gastric phase - starts when food arrives in stomach
3. Intestinal phase – starts when chyme arrives in duodenum

Question 24

what hormone controls feelings of hunger

Answer 24

Ghrelin

Question 25

what hormone controls feelings of fullness

Answer 25

leptin

Question 26

pancreas function

Answer 26

an exocrine function that helps in digestion and an endocrine function that regulates blood sugar

Question 27

role of accessory organs in digestion

Answer 27

secrete substances needed for the chemical digestion of food but through which food does not actually pass as it is digested.

Question 28

carb digestion enzymes

Answer 28

salivary amylase in the mouth, pancreatic amylase in the small intestine. into monosaccharides and into capillaries

Question 29

protein digestion enzymes

Answer 29

pepsin in stomach, trypsin in small intestine. into amino acids and into lacteals

Question 30

lipid digestion enzymes

Answer 30

lingual lipase in mouth, pancreatic lipase in small intestine. into fatty acids and monoglycerides and into the capillaries

Question 31

ANS control of digestion

Answer 31

sympathetic = off & parasympathetic = on

Question 32

liver function

Answer 32

Metabolism of nutrients and drugs. Bile production

Question 33

gallbladder function

Answer 33

Bile storage and concentration

Question 34

small intestine function

Answer 34

Final chemical digestion & absorption of nutrients

Question 35

large intestine function

Answer 35

Absorption of water and compaction of waste for elimination