Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

Digestive system

A

All the organs and glands associated with the ingestion and digestion of food

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2
Q

Digestion

A

The process by which food is broken down into absorbable units

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3
Q

Absorption

A

The uptake of nutrients by the cells of the small intestine for transport into either the blood or the lymph

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4
Q

Gastrointestinal (GI) tract

A

The digestive tract. The principal organs are the stomach and intestines

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5
Q

Umami

A

A savory flavor commonly associated with monosodium glutamate, an additive used to enhance the flavor of foods

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6
Q

Anus

A

The terminal outlet d the GI tract

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7
Q

Appendix

A

A narrow blind sac extending from the beginning of the colon that contains bacteria and lymph cells

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8
Q

Bile ducts

A

Passages that convey bile from the liver to the gallbladder and from the gallbladder to the small intestine

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9
Q

Where does the process of digestion begin ?

A

In the mouth

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10
Q

Five basic taste sensation

A

Sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami

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11
Q

What other things influence a persons taste perceptions ?

A

The aroma
Appearance
Texture
Temperature

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12
Q

What does the tongue do in our mouth ?

A

The tongue detects taste sensations and moves food around the mouth, facilitating chewing and swallowing

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13
Q

Digestive tract extends from

A

Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

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14
Q

Epiglottis

A

Cartilage in the throat that guards the entrance to the trachea and prevents fluid or food from entering it when a person swallows

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15
Q

Mastication

A

The process of chewing

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16
Q

Bolus

A

A portion; with respect to food, the amount swallowed at one time

17
Q

Trachea

A

Allows air to pass to and from lungs

18
Q

Salivary grands

A

Secrete saliva

19
Q

Pharynx

A

Directs food from mouth to esophagus

20
Q

Stomach

A

Churns, mixes, and grinds food to a liquid mass; adds acid enzymes, and fluid

21
Q

Chyme

A

The semiliquid mass of partly digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum
- It doesn’t like acid

22
Q

GI motility

A

A the spontaneous movement of the GI and tract that aids in the digestion aids transit of the contents within it

23
Q

Segmentation

A

A periodic squeezing or partitioning of the intestine as intervals along its length by its circular muscles.

24
Q

Peristalsis

A

Wavelike muscular contractions of the GI tract that push its contents along

25
Q

What are the three layers of the stomach

A

Longitudinal
Circular
Diagonal

26
Q

Reflux

A

A backword flow

27
Q

Heartburn

A

A burning sensation in the chest caused by backflow of the stomach acid into the esophagus

28
Q

PH

A

Th e unit of measure expressing a substance’s acidity or alkalinity

29
Q

Three energy yielding nutrients

A

Carbohydrates
Fat
Protein