Digestion Flashcards
What does Trypsin break down?
Proteins -> Amino acids
What does salivary amylase break down?
Starch -> Maltose
What does pancreatic amylase break down?
Maltose -> glucose
What does pepsin break down?
Proteins -> peptides + amino acids
What does lipase break down?
Lipids (fats) -> fatty acids + glycerol
What is the function of the liver?
Produces bile
- Emulsifies fat - Neutralises acid
What is it called when the oesophogus pushed food down into the stomach?
Peristalsis (contracting of muscles to push bolus into stomach)
Where is pepsin created?
gastric pits in the stomach
What three enzymes are created in the pancreas?
- Pancreatic amylase
- Trypsin
- Lipase
What is the optimal temperature for every enzyme?
37 degrees Celsius
What is the optimal pH for salivary amylase?
7
What is the optimal pH for pancreatic amylase, lipase and trypsin?
7.5-9
What is the optimal pH for pepsin?
1-2
is a pH of 3 acidic or basic?
Acidic
Is a pH of 9 acidic or basic
Basic
What happens when an enzyme denatures?
- Active site changes shape
- Substrate cannot bind to active site
- Rate of reaction decreases significantly
What is the definition of Chemical digestion?
The process of breaking down insoluble molecules into soluble molecules using enzymes and chemicals in order to be absorbed into bloodstream.
What is the definition of mechanical/physical digestion?
The process of breaking down large pieces of food physically, to create a larger surface area for chemical digestion to work on.
What are the three negative effects of alcohol?
- Dehydration
- Impaired judgement
- Increased risk of heart disease
