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Biology > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

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1
Q

What does Trypsin break down?

A

Proteins -> Amino acids

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2
Q

What does salivary amylase break down?

A

Starch -> Maltose

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3
Q

What does pancreatic amylase break down?

A

Maltose -> glucose

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4
Q

What does pepsin break down?

A

Proteins -> peptides + amino acids

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5
Q

What does lipase break down?

A

Lipids (fats) -> fatty acids + glycerol

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6
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

Produces bile

- Emulsifies fat
- Neutralises acid
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7
Q

What is it called when the oesophogus pushed food down into the stomach?

A

Peristalsis (contracting of muscles to push bolus into stomach)

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8
Q

Where is pepsin created?

A

gastric pits in the stomach

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9
Q

What three enzymes are created in the pancreas?

A
  • Pancreatic amylase
  • Trypsin
  • Lipase
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10
Q

What is the optimal temperature for every enzyme?

A

37 degrees Celsius

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11
Q

What is the optimal pH for salivary amylase?

A

7

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12
Q

What is the optimal pH for pancreatic amylase, lipase and trypsin?

A

7.5-9

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13
Q

What is the optimal pH for pepsin?

A

1-2

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14
Q

is a pH of 3 acidic or basic?

A

Acidic

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15
Q

Is a pH of 9 acidic or basic

A

Basic

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16
Q

What happens when an enzyme denatures?

A
  • Active site changes shape
  • Substrate cannot bind to active site
  • Rate of reaction decreases significantly
17
Q

What is the definition of Chemical digestion?

A

The process of breaking down insoluble molecules into soluble molecules using enzymes and chemicals in order to be absorbed into bloodstream.

18
Q

What is the definition of mechanical/physical digestion?

A

The process of breaking down large pieces of food physically, to create a larger surface area for chemical digestion to work on.

19
Q

What are the three negative effects of alcohol?

A
  • Dehydration
  • Impaired judgement
  • Increased risk of heart disease

Biology (2 decks)

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