Digestion Flashcards
What is digestion?
Process of breaking food down into nutrients.
How does food pass through the esophagus? (Gullet)
Using Peristalsis
Which acid is found in the stomach?
Hydrochloric acid
What is the ribcage needed for?
To protect the lungs.
How do nutrients pass from the food inside the small intestines into the blood?
Diffusion
The function of the stomach
Store food and begin to digest food
Explain why digestion important
Allows you to survive because your body needs the nutrients.
What do carbohydrase enzymes break carbohydrates into?
Sugars
What does protease break proteins down into?
Amino acids
What does lipase break lipids down into?
fatty acids and glycerol’s
What is amylase?
Amylase is a type of carbohydrase.
What is bile?
Bile speeds up the digestion of lipids. It is not an enzyme. It is hidden in the liver and stored in the gall bladder. You cannot live a day without it.
Which nutrients do not need to be digested?
minerals, vitamins, water
What organ follows the stomach in the digestive system?
The small intestine comes after the stomach.
What is mainly absorbed in the large intestine?
water
Where is most digested food absorbed?
Most digested food is absorbed in the small intestine.
Where does digestion start?
Mouth
Where is bile produced?
Liver
What gives the small intestine a large surface area?
Villi
When feces are passed out of the body what is it called?
Egestion
How to test for fats?
Add ethanol to the food to dissolve the fat then add water. Colourless to white emulsion is positive.
How to test protein/amino acids?
Biuret to the food. Turn blue to purple is positive.
How to test for starch.
Add iodine reagent to the food yellow-brown to blue-black is positive.
What is Cellulose?
Cellulose is found in plant cell walls and cannot be digested by humans. However, as fibre, it helps the muscles of the intestinal wall push food through the digestive system
What is Starch?
Starch is broken down by digestive enzymes into glucose, which can be used by cells to make energy
What is Glycogen?
It is a carbohydrate store within the human body and can be converted into glucose when levels are low
Reducing sugar (Glucose)
Benedict solution blue to brick-red precipitate is positive.
What breaks down starch?
Amylase
