Digestion Flashcards
what is mechanical digestion in the mouth
teeth, tongue, hard palate/roof
- it rolls the food into a bolus
what are the chemical digestion’s that occur in the mouth
amylase
- hydrolyzes amylose (starch) into maltose(a disaccharide)
what is the peristalsis
pushes food down esophagus using smooth muscles that we have no control over
what is the epiglottis
the flap that closes and prevent the bolus from going down the trachea
what happens in the stomach
mechanical and the chemical digestion of proteins
- there is a tiny bit of absorption that occurs here but not a lot cuz the food isn’t in its monomers yet
- immunity to the acidic environment
process of that occurs in the stomach
- gastric juice is added to dissolve stuff and the the juice and food mixture is called chyme
- acidity of around 2pH
- HCl turns pepsinogen into pepsin which is an enzyme that hydrolyzes peptide bonds - lots of folds so it can stretch
- lined with mucus so it doesn’t dissolve itself
- 3 muscle layers
small intestine explain
- most of the digestion and absorption occurs here
- stimulates the bicarbonate ion secretions from the pancreas
- also received secretions from the liver and gallbladder
pancreas function in digestive process
produces bicarbonate ions and digestive enzymes
- protease
- nucleases
- lipase
- carbohydrases
what does the liver do
- produces bile which emulsified lipids
what does the gallbladder do
stores and releases bile
- the bile is released through the bile duct into the small intestines
what is gastric juice
mucus, water, pepsin that is released in the stomach when you smell or think of food
what is chyme
the bolus mixed with gastric juice
what does the pancreas do
produces bicarbonate ions and digestive enzymes
what are the digestive enzymes produced by the pancreas
protease, lipase, nucleases, carbohydrases
what do the bicarbonate ions do
neutralizes chyme and stop pepsin reactions
