Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport

Question 1

What is diffusion?

Answer 1

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 2

What is osmosis?

Answer 2

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Question 3

True or False: Diffusion requires energy input.

Answer 3

False. Diffusion is a passive process and does not require energy input.

Question 4

What is active transport?

Answer 4

Active transport is the movement of particles across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient, requiring energy input in the form of ATP.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: Osmosis is the movement of ________ molecules across a selectively permeable membrane.

Answer 5

water

Question 6

Which type of transport requires energy input: diffusion, osmosis, or active transport?

Answer 6

Active transport

Question 7

What is the main driving force behind diffusion?

Answer 7

The main driving force behind diffusion is the concentration gradient.

Question 8

True or False: Osmosis can occur in both plant and animal cells.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

In which direction do molecules move in diffusion?

Answer 9

Molecules move from high concentration to low concentration in diffusion.

Question 10

What is the role of carrier proteins in active transport?

Answer 10

Transport proteins allow the movement of particles across the cell membrane in active transport.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: In active transport, particles move ________ the concentration gradient.

Answer 11

Up

Question 12

True or False: Osmosis is a form of passive transport.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Which type of transport is responsible for the uptake of nutrients in cells?

Answer 13

Active transport

Question 14

Fill in the blank: Active transport requires ________ input to move particles across the cell membrane.

Answer 14

energy

Question 15

True or False: Active transport is the movement of particles up the concentration gradient.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What is the role of ATP in active transport?

Answer 16

ATP provides the energy needed for active transport to move particles against the concentration gradient.

Question 17

What factors affect diffusion

Answer 17

• Diffusion distance (determined cell size and layers)
• concentration gradient
• surface area (allows more space for diffusion)
• temperature

Question 18

How does diffusion distance affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 18

Smaller diffusion distance means diffusion occurs faster and larger diffusion distance means it occurs slower

Question 19

How does concentration gradient affect the rate of diffusion

Answer 19

A steeper concentration gradient means the rate of diffusion will increase and a lower concentration gradient will decrease the rate of diffusion

Question 20

How does surface area affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 20

More surface area means the particles have more space to move to so diffusion happens faster

Question 21

How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 21

Higher temperature increases the kinetic energy of the particles, increasing the rate of diffusion

Question 22

What happens during osmosis in plant cells

Answer 22

In a solution with high water potential, water moves into the cell, making it turgid/firm (turgor pressure)
In a solution with low water potential, water moves out of the cells, reducing turgor pressure causing the cell content to collapse, becoming plasmolysed

Question 23

What happens to animal cells during osmosis

Answer 23

In a solution with high water potential, water moves into the cell causing it to swell and potentially burst. This is called lysis
In a solution with low water potential, water moves out of the cells causing the cell to shrink and become crenated.