Differential White Blood Cell Count (Worksheet #3 | P) Flashcards
What is the principle of diff WBC count?
It is the determination of the % of each type of WBCs in the peripheral blood
What is peripheral blood?
It is the blood that is currently in the circulation
What are the mats needed for diff WBC count?
1) Blood smear
2) Methanol
3) Eosin
4) Methylene Blue
5) Compound Light Microscope
6) Buffer solution pH 7.2 / Aged distilled H20
7) Differential counter
8) Cedarwood oil
9) Xylol
10) Xylol-alcohol
What should be done first (to slide containing sx) before doing diff WBC count?
Staining
What is the term used for the staining process done prior to diff WBC count?
Staining Jar or “Dip” Method
What is the process of Staining Jar or “Dip” method?
1) Dip in solution 1 (methanol, the fixative) for 30 secs
2) Dip in solution 2 (eosin, the acidic dye) for 6 secs
3) Dip in solution 3 (methylene blue, the basic dye) for 4 secs
4) Dip in buffer solution / aged distilled H2O for 45 secs
What is the process of diff counting?
1) Prep stained blood smear
2) Place one drop of cedarwood oil on the feathery edge of the stained blood smear
3) Examine the smear using LPO of the microscope. Focus on the area where the RBCs are not too overlapping or too scanty
4) Shift to OIO. Using the differential method, count 100 WBCs while differentiating them
Explain the principle of strip differential method
Direction of scanning: towards up - right - down - right - up
*direction of scanning depends on the strat of MT
How many are the different types of WBC?
5
What are the different types of WBC?
1) Neutrophil
a. Neutrophil band (Stab cell)
b. Neutrophil segmenter
2) Lymphocyte
3) Monocyte
4) Eosinophil
5) Basophil
What are the characteristics of neutrophil band?
1) It is the younger form of neutrophil
2) It has a C, S, U, or horseshoe-shaped nucleus
What are the characteristics of neutrophil segmenter?
1) Its nucleus is broken into segments
2) Its cytoplasm contains small, pinkish granules
What are the characteristics of lymphocyte?
1) Its nucleus is compact and usually round
2) Cytoplasm is light blue and scanty
What are the characteristics of monocyte?
1) Its nucleus is spongy and sprawling w/ brain-like convolutions
2) Its cytoplasm is color gray
3) Vacuoles are sometimes present (in the cytoplasm)
What are the characteristics of eosinophil?
1) Its nucleus is usually bilobed
2) Its cytoplasm contains large, coarse, reddish or orange granules
What are the characteristics of basophil?
1) Its nucleus is usually indistinct and obscured by the granules
2) Its cytoplasm contains large purplish-black or dark blue granules
What is the meaning of CU?
Conventional Unit
What is the meaning of SI?
International System of Units
What is the NV of neutrophil segmenter in CU?
50 - 70%
What is the NV of lymphocyte in CU?
18 - 42%
What is the NV of neutrophilic band in CU?
0 - 5%
What is the NV of monocyte in CU?
2 - 11%
What is the NV of eosinophil in CU?
1 - 3%
What is the NV of basophil in CU?
0 - 2%
What is the NV of neutrophil segmenter in SI?
0.50 - 0.70
What is the NV of lymphocyte in SI?
0.18 - 0.42
What is the NV of neutrophilic band in SI?
0 - 0.5
What is the NV of monocyte in SI?
0.2 - 0.11
What is the NV of eosinophil in SI?
0.01 - 0.03%
What is the NV of basophil in SI?
0 - 0.02%
What are the different types of stains used in diff WBC counting?
1) Romanowsky stains
2) Panoptic stains
What are the components of Romanowsky stains?
1) Methylene blue (or its oxidative product: azure B)
2) Eosin B or eosin Y
What is the purpose of the dyes present in Romanowsky stains?
The dyes produce multiple colors when used on cells and cellular components
Why are the stains (or Romanowsky stains) present in Romanowsky stains are considered polychromatic?
Because these stains (or Romanowsky stains) has the capability to produce multiple colors when used on cells and cellular components
What is Wright’s stain?
It is the most satisfactory in general routine hematologic studies
What are the components of Wright’s stain?
1) Oxidized methylene blue
2) Eosin azures
What is Giemsa stain?
It is an excellent stain for the demonstration of inclusion bodies and intracellular parasites as well as for staining WBCs
What are the components of Giemsa stain?
1) Eosin Y w/ azure blue
2) Methylene blue in methanol w/ glycerin
What is Leishman, Jenner, and May-Grunwald (stain)?
It is similar to Wright’s stain except for the method used to oxidize methylene blue
What are panoptic stains?
These are stains that consists of Romanowsky stain and another dye
What are the examples of Panoptic stains?
1) Wright’s-Giemsa
2) Jenner-Giemsa
3) May-Grunwald-Giemsa
