Differential diagnosis Flashcards
Generalised alopecia
HAC
Hypothyroidism
Hyperoestrogenism
Pituitary dwarfism
Hypotrichosis with scales/crusts
Feline thymoma
Cutaneous t-cell lymphoma
Facial/dorsal alopecia, erythema, scaling, crusting
Leishmaniosis
Lupus erythematous
Exfoliative cutaneous lupus erythematous (GSHP))
Alopecia, erythema, scaling, crusts - affecting face, legs, tail
Dermatomyositis
Alopecia with shiny skin - periocular, ventral neck, ventrum, legs (cat)
Paraneoplastic alopecia (pancreatic adenocarcinoma, biliary cholangiocarcinoma, hepatic carcinoma)
Cutaneous erythema, alopecia, scales, crusts - mucocutaneous junction
Zinc-responsive dermatosis
Lethal acrodermatitis (Bull Terrier)
CDV
SND
Erythema multiforme
Paraneoplastic pemphigus
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Cutaneous plaques
Calcinosis cutis - HAC, renal disease, granulomatous disease (blastomycosis)
Xanthoma - hyperlipidaemia
Hyperpigmented - pappilomavirus associated
Eosinophilic
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Cutaneous nodules
Collagenous - nodular dermatofibrosis
Sterile nodular panniculitis (pancreatic panniculitis)
Infectious - blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, aspergillosis
Skin fragility
Cutaneous asthenia (abnormal collagen formation)
Feline acquired skin fragility - HAC, FIP, hepatic disease
Thick skin
Hypothyroidism
Acromegaly
Chinese Star Pei
How does dermatomyositis present? What breeds are affected?
Skin lesions affected face, lower extremities and tail
Muscle involvement - gait, dysphagia +/- megaoesophagus
Collies and Shetland Sheepdog
Weight gain
Increased appetite - medication, HAC, acromegaly, insulinoma, hypothalamic disorder
Normal appetite - hypothyroidism, hypopituitarism, hypogonadism, hyperlipidaemia
Abdominal effusion - pure transudate
Reduced oncotic pressure
Abdominal effusion - modified transudate
Increased hydrostatic pressure
Pre-hepatic portal hypertension - congenital portal vein atresia, extraluminal obstruction (neoplasia), intraluminal obstruction (thrombosis)
Hepatic portal hypertension - chronic cholangitis, lobar-dissecting hepatitis, veno-occlusive disease)
Post hepatic portal hypertension - R-CHF, Budd-Chiari
Eosinophilic abdominal effusion
Lymphoma, systemic MCT, aberrant larval migrants, fungal disease, disseminated eosinophilic granulomatosis
Peripheral oedema
pg84
Weight loss
pg87
Failure to grow
pg90
Weakness
pg92-93
Restlessness
pg96
Anorexia
pg98
Polyphagia
pg101
Coughing
pg108
Sneezing
pg112
Nasal discharge
pg112
Dyspnoea
pg117
Epistaxis
pg120
Syncope
pg124
Tremor
pg131
Ataxia
pg 136
Stupor/coma
pg141
Seizures
pg144
Gagging
pg 152
Dysphagia
pg157
Regurgitation
pg158
Vomiting
pg162
Melena
pg168
Dyschezia
pg173
PUPD
pg182
USG <1.006
PP
CDI
Primary NDI
HAC
Atypical lepto
Hypercalcaemia
Pollakiuria
pg186
Stranguria
pg186
Incontinence
pg186
Pallor
pd207
Parodoxical pulse
Cardiac tamponade
Hyperaemia
pg209
Cyanosis
pg 212
Jaundice
pg215
Petechiae/ecchymoses
pg218
Split S1
Healthy large breed dog
Ectopic beat, BBB
Tricuspid/mitral stenosis
Split S2
Healthy large breed dog (inspiration)
Heartworm, PHT, R>L PDA
ASD, PS, RBBB, mitral insufficiency/stenosis
Audible S3
Diastolic volume overload (DCM, PDA, mitral insufficiency)
Audible S4
Ventricular hypertrophy/stiffness
3rd degree AV block
Blood smear features of IMHA
Spherocytosis, agglutination, ghost cells
Blood smear features of oxidant injury
Heinz bodies, eccentrocytes, pyknocytes
Blood smear features of fragmentation injury
Accanthocytes, keratocytes, schistocytes
Blood smear features of snake envenomation
Echinocytes, ghost cells
Anaemia
pg230
Erythrocytosis
pg234
Thrombocytopenia
pg239
Thrombocytosis
pg241
Hypoproteinaemia
pg245
Hyperproteinaemia
pg244-245
Hypoglycaemia
pg 246
Hyperglycaemia
pg248
Hyperlipidaemia (HCH or HTG?)
Pg 253
Hypocholesterolaemia
PLE
Hepatic insufficiency
Selected malignancies
CK elevation
Pg264
Hypernatraemia
pg266
*ebox67-1
Hyponataemia
pg268
*ebox67-2
SIADH diagnostic criteria
Hyponatraemia with hypotonic plasma
Urine Osm > plasma Osm
Increased renal Na excretion
Absence of oedema or volume depletion
Normal renal/adrenal function
Conditions causing SIADH
Dirofilariasis
Hypothalamic neoplasia
Rathke’s cleft cyst
Acanthamoebe meningitis
Traumatic brain injury
Ischaemic stroke
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Hydrocephalus
Liver disease
Vinblastine OD
Neoplastic production of ADH
Pulmonary disease
Hypochloraemia
Ebox 67-3
Hyperchloraemia
Ebox 67-3
Hypokalaemia
pg 271
Hyperkalaemia
pg272
Hypomagnesemia
pg273
Hypermagnesemia
pg274
Hypercalcaemia
pg276
Hypocalcaemia
pg278
Hyperphosphataemia
p279
Lactic acidosis
pg280
Hyperammonaemia
pg283
Cavitary effusion
pg 294
Hypophosphataemia
pg279