Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

TCA 2 - Asthma > Differential diagnoses for acute asthma > Flashcards

Differential diagnoses for acute asthma Flashcards

1
Q

What are the symptoms of cystic fibrosis?

A
  • Chronic cough
  • Sometimes productive cough
  • Diarrhoea
  • Malabsorption
  • Failure to thrive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the risk factors for cystic fibrosis?

A
  • Positive family Hx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis?

A
  • Nocturnal cough
  • Dysponea
    Caused by post-nasal discharge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is chronic rhinosinusitis?

A

Inflammation of paranasal sinuses for >12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is tracheomalacia?

A

Cartilage in trachea is so soft that the trachea partly collapses due to increased airflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the symptoms of tracheomalacia?

A
  • Expiratory stridor
  • Wheezing
  • Frequent airway infections
  • Noisy cough
  • Exercise intolerance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the risk factors for tracheomalacia?

A
  • Children
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a vascular ring?

A

Congenital lesion where vessels are in an abnormal location and may cause compression or obstruction of the oesophagus or airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the symptoms of vascular ring?

A
  • Wheezing
  • Dyspnoea
  • Occasional stridor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is foreign body aspiration?

A

Inhalation of foreign body into larynx or respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the symptoms of foreign body aspiration?

A
  • Wheezing
  • Dyspnoea
  • Occasional stridor
  • Unilateral ‘silent chest’ (no breath sounds)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is vocal cord dysfunction?

A

Vocal cord approximate rather than abduct/open during inspiration causing upper airway obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the symptoms of vocal cord dysfunction?

A
  • Difficulty inhaling

- Episodic shortness of breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the risk factors for vocal cord dysfunction?

A
  • Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR)
  • GORD
  • Asthma
  • Occupational / environmental exposure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?

A

Autosomal co-dominant genetic disorder causing the enzyme responsible for neutralising neutrophil elastase and preventing inflammatory tissue damage in the lungs to become ineffective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the symptoms of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

A
  • Productive cough
  • Dyspnoea on exertion
  • Wheezing
17
Q

What are the risk factors for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

A
  • Cigarette smoker
  • Exposure to gas, fumes or dust
  • 34-41 yrs
  • Male gender
18
Q

What is COPD?

A

Airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. It encompasses:

  • Emphysema
  • Chronic Bronchitis
19
Q

What is emphysema?

A

Alveoli are damaged and become weakened and rupture creating larger air spaces

20
Q

What is chronic bronchitis?

A

Inflammation and irritation of bronchial tubes causing a mucus build-up

21
Q

What are the symptoms of COPD?

A
  • Morning cough that becomes constant
  • Dyspnoea
    Initially during exercise
    Progresses to rest
  • Barrel chest
    Hyperinflation
  • Wheezing
22
Q

What are the risk factors for COPD?

A
  • Smoker
  • Age
  • Genetics
  • Exposure to air pollution / occupational exposure
23
Q

What is bronchiectasis?

A

Permanent dilation of the bronchi due to destruction of the elastic and muscular components of the bronchial wall

24
Q

What are the symptoms of bronchiectasis?

A
  • Cough
  • Sputum production
  • Dyspnoea
  • Fever
  • Wheezing
  • Haemoptysis
  • Rhinosinusitis
25
Q

What are the risk factors for bronchiectasis?

A
  • Cystic fibrosis
  • Immunodeficiency
  • Previous infection
26
Q

What specific presentations indicate another cause other than asthma?

A
  • Wheeze related to coughs and colds
  • Isolated/productive cough
  • Normal investigations
  • No response to treatment
  • Unilateral wheeze
27
Q

What are other common causes of wheezing?

A
  • COPD
  • Bronchiectasis
  • Bronchiolitis
  • Acute bronchitis (infection of bronchi)
  • Foreign body aspiration
28
Q

What is bronchiolitis?

A

A lower respiratory tract infection affecting the bronchioles

29
Q

What are the symptoms of bronchiolitis?

A
  • Fever
  • Dry and persistent cough
  • Wheezing
  • Difficulty feeding
30
Q

What are the risk factors for bronchiolitis?

A
  • Common in babies and young children

TCA 2 - Asthma (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions