different types of cells in the human body based on tissue formation Flashcards
- toughest body cells as they are bound together by calcium and phosphate
- give strength, support, and framework to the body by enclosing organs in the skeletal system
bone cells (osteocytes)
- freely bendable
- present in ear bone, in between large bones to help it bend and move freely like in between two ribs,
spinal bones, and joints
cartilage (chondrocytes)
- very long and have many branching at either end
- it never multiplies
- present all over the body and sometimes as long as a few meters long
nerve cells
serve as a barrier for pathogens, fluid loss, and mechanical injuries
epithelial cells
mostly long, and large, and have the ability to contract and relax providing movements
muscle cells
three types of muscle cells
skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles
are attached to long bones and assist in their movement (muscle contraction)
skeletal muscle cells
present only in the heart muscle and are responsible for heartbeats
cardiac muscle cells
flexible yet can contract and relax, present in the stomach, intestine, and blood vessel walls which help in the movement of food through the gut
smooth muscle cells
they form glands and secrete something important
secretory cells
- can be seen in the soles palms and bums
- it reduces friction to the body
adipose cell
they are always motile, have a limited lifespan
blood cells
special type of cells
sperm cells
oocytes (egg cells)
stem cells
rods and cones
ciliated cell
have tails which allow it to swim and move in the female uterus
sperm cells
- present in the adult female genital system
- start to mature after puberty and continue till menopause
oocytes
these are given so much importance due to their promising role in the treatment of disorders in the future
stem cells
present in the eyes and have the capacity to capture image color and light
rods and cones
- present in the lining of the respiratory tract and esophagus
- have pointed thread-like cilia that move in one particular direction to pass material
ciliated cell
- facilitate the acquisition of their needs and their adaptations to a changing environment
- it occurs after cell division
cellular modifications
cell modification found on the apical surface of the cell
apical modification
use these modifications to move to an area that is favorable for their growth or to target cells
flagella and cilia
are modifications that enable bacteria to adhere to tissue surfaces, mostly for the exchange of materials during reproduction
pili
they help to increase surface area allowing for faster and more efficient absorption
villi and microvilli
bulge outward to move the cell or engulf prey
pseudopods
for defense mechanisms against heat, high pressure, and stress
spore
responsible for transmitting electrical signals
dendrites and axons of the nerve cells
permit the muscle to contract and elongate for organisms’ activity
actin and myosin
RBCs do not contain a nucleus but contain a large amount of hemoglobin to transport oxygen throughout the body
enucleated RBC
play an important role in plant nourishment by enabling the absorption of minerals and water in the environment
root hairs
