different approaches to flood management Flashcards
hard engineering definition
involves changing the physical environment by building defences. costly
soft engineering definition
minimal impact on the environment by using natural processes. cheaper
artificial levees
hard engineering
creation of new wetland ecosystems
soft engineering
dredging (enlarges channel)
hard engineering
levees made of natural material e.g. rock
soft engineering
reservoir construction
hard engineering
channel straightening
hard engineering
flood warning system
soft engineering
river restoration
soft engineering
sandbagging property
hard engineering
afforestation
soft engineering
controlled flooding
soft engineering
issues with hard engineering
- cost to build and maintain
- eyesores as don’t blend in with natural environment
issues with soft engineering
- usually don’t stop problem of flooding, only reduce it
- money still needed on repairs after flooding
