Differences Between Men and Women (Cultural, Socialization and Biology) Flashcards
What is the standard deviation between men and womens psychology?
Referring to psychological gender differences as small means that the effects are between 1/4 and 1/2 of a standard deviation (a statistical term; 1/4 of a standard deviation is a small difference, 1/2 is moderate, and more than 3/4 is large). So that means that gender explains less than 5% of the variation among people in most psychological characteristics. In comparison, the gender difference in height, for example, is almost two standard deviations, so gender explains 50% of the variation among people in height.
Spatial ability is one of these slightly larger differences; this means that men are somewhat better at rotating figures in their heads and finding their way around town. If the performance of men and women on spatial ability tests were graphed, there would be two curves that overlapped a huge amount, with men’s curves slightly ahead. This does mean that among those very talented in this area there are many more men than women, as a small average difference creates more of a discrepancy at the high and low ends of the curve. There is no gender difference at all in overall intelligence.
How male and female differ in their spatial abilities?
It is well-established that, on average, men outperform women on a spatial reasoning task known as mental rotation – imagining multi-dimensional objects from different points of view. Men are not, however, born with this advantage, suggests a major meta-analysis by psychologists at Emory University.
Are women more likely to be liberal?
There are also some small gender differences in attitudes. Women tend to be more liberal than men on social issues. As one might expect, women are more progressive in their attitudes about women’s roles. Women are also more tolerant of gay men (there are no gender differences in attitudes toward lesbians). Women are more likely to vote for Democrats than are men.
Are men more interested in things and women more interested in people?
One of the larger psychological sex differences lies in interests. Generally speaking, men (compared to women) are more interested in things (like cars, buildings, and machines), and women are more interested in people (e.g., how people think, and how their bodies work).
Which professions are women and men more likely to choose?
For example, Richard Lippa found that men were more likely to prefer professions centered on the “manipulation of objects, tools, machines, and animals,” and women were more likely to prefer professions that involved “activities that entail the manipulation of others to inform, train, develop, cure, or enlighten” (note, however, that these differences could be caused by cultural expectations, biological sex differences, or—most likely—both).
What are the 8 principles that guide male behavior?
My colleague, Ronald Levant, for example, has studied traditional (American) masculine roles and has come up with his own eight basic principles that guide male behavior. They are: (1) emotional restriction, (2) avoidance of femininity, (3) focus on toughness and aggression, (4) self-reliance, (5) achievement, (6) rationality, (7) objectification of sex, and (8) homophobia.
What is Alexithymia
Alexithymia is when a person has difficulty identifying and expressing emotions. It is not a mental health disorder. People with alexithymia may have problems maintaining relationships and taking part in social situations.
Is intellectualization a healthy defense mechanism?
Defense mechanisms can become problematic when we use them too often and in the wrong situations. Intellectualization may help you solve problems and understand the situation. But, it gets dangerous when we are constantly using it to avoid feeling.
