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nicks phase 2a flaschards > diff. diagnosis of key symptoms > Flashcards

diff. diagnosis of key symptoms Flashcards

1
Q

what can cause hypertension?

A
  • endocrine- phaeochromocytoma, Cushing’s, Acromegaly, Conn’s
  • essential hypertension
  • pregnancy
  • renal disease
  • coarctation of the aorta
  • chronic pancreatitis
  • PKD
  • sickle cell anaemia
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2
Q

what can cause angina?

A
  • atheroma
  • anaemia
  • aortic stenosis
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3
Q

what can cause chest pain?

A
  • ischaemic heart disease
  • pericarditis
  • pneumothorax
  • pleurisy
  • trauma
  • aortic dissection
  • hyperkalaemia
  • oesophageal carcinoma
  • sickle cell anaemia
  • diffuse parenchymal lung disease
  • pneumothorax
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4
Q

what can cause dyspnoea?

A
  • mitral stenosis
  • heart failure
  • aortic regurgitation
  • dilated cardiomyopathy
  • supraventricular tachycardia
  • left ventricular failure
  • aortic stenosis
  • Alpha-1 antritrypsin deficiency
  • GCA
  • COPD
  • asthma
  • hypersensitivity pneumonitis
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5
Q

what can cause fatigue?

A
  • mitral stenosis
  • cardiac arrhythmia’s
  • hepatocellular carcinoma
  • coeliac disease
  • Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  • anaemia
  • Sjogren’s syndrome
  • pulmonary hypertension
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6
Q

what can cause oedema?

A
  • congestive cardiac failure
  • hypoproteinaemia
  • mitral stenosis/ regurgitation
  • anaphylactic shock
  • DVT
  • pulmonary hypertension
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7
Q

what can cause palpitations?

A
  • mitral stenosis
  • heart block
  • atrial fibrillation
  • supra ventricular tachycardia
  • ventricular tachycardia
  • sinus tachycardia
  • aortic regurgitation
  • hyperthyroidism
  • hyperkalaemia
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8
Q

what can cause wheeze?

A
  • asthma
  • COPD
  • bronchiolitis
  • left ventricular failure
  • anaphylactic shock
  • hypocalcaemia
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9
Q

what can cause syncope?

A
  • aortic stenosis/ regurgitation
  • arrythmia’s
  • hypertrophic - cardiomyopathy
  • TIA
  • pulmonary embolism
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10
Q

what can cause breathlessness?

A
  • hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • STEMI
  • anaemia of chronic disease
  • iron deficiency anaemia
  • byssinosis
  • ## pulmonary embolism
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11
Q

what can cause polyuria?

A
  • diabetes mellitus- type 1
  • Conn’s
  • diabetes insipidus
  • hypercalcaemia
  • urinary tract obstruction
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12
Q

what can cause weight loss?

A
  • type 1 diabetes
  • hyperthyroidism
  • oesophageal carcinoma
  • carcinoma of the stomach
  • liver tumour
  • renal cell carcinoma
  • Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  • CLL
  • CML
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13
Q

what can cause diarrhoea?

A
  • hyperthyroidism
  • Addison’s
  • carcinoid syndrome
  • GI tumour
  • coeliac disease
  • tropical sprue
  • Crohn’s disease
  • ulcerative colitis
  • IBS
  • primary biliary cirrhosis
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14
Q

what can cause vomiting?

A
  • DKA
  • Addison’s
  • Gastro-Oesophageal obstruction
  • carcinoma of the stomach
  • gastritis
  • coeliac disease
  • intestinal obstruction
  • renal stones
  • TIA
  • subarachnoid haemorrhage
  • extra-dural haemorrhage
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15
Q

what can cause dehydration?

A
  • DKA
  • infective diarrhoea
  • cholera
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16
Q

what can cause lethargy?

A
  • type 1 diabetes
  • Cushing’s syndrome
  • diabetes insipidus
  • hypercalcaemia
  • liver abscess
  • pulmonary hypertension
17
Q

what can cause constipation?

A
  • hypothyroidism
  • Addison’s
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • intestinal obstruction
  • haemorrhoids
18
Q

what can cause myalgia?

A
  • hypothyroidism
  • Addison’s
  • systemic lupus erythematous
  • GCA
  • epilepsy
19
Q

what can cause renal stones?

A
  • hyperparathyroidism
  • Crohn’s disease
  • hypercalcaemia
  • excessive dietary calcium
  • hypercalciuria
20
Q

what can cause anorexia?

A
  • Addison’s
  • SiADH
  • hypercalcaemia
  • small intestinal tumours
  • liver tumours
  • pancreatic carcinoma
  • peptic ulcer disease
  • Crohn;s disease
  • ulcerative colitis
  • appendicitis
  • renal cell carcinoma
  • Hodgkins lymphoma
  • anaemia
21
Q

what can cause epigastric pain?

A
  • carcinoma in GI tract
  • peptic ulcer disease
  • gastritis
  • chronic pancreatitis
22
Q

what can cause dysphagia?

A
  • Wilson’s disease
  • volvulus of the stomach
  • oesophageal carcinoma
23
Q

what can cause abdominal distension?

A
  • intestinal obstruction
  • IBS
  • chronic cholecystitis
24
Q

what can cause jaundice?

A
  • alpha-1 antritrypsin deficiency
  • liver failure
  • acute pancreatitis
  • cholangitis
  • haemolysis
  • viral- CMV, EBV
  • Wilson’s disease
  • right heart failure
  • pancreatic cancer
  • gallstones
  • malaria
  • pernicious anaemia
  • G6PD deficiency
25
Q

what can cause haematuria?

A
  • renal stones
  • CKD
  • PKD
  • glomerulonephritis
  • BPH
  • UTI
  • renal cell carcinoma
  • bladder tumour
26
Q

what can cause proteinuria?

A
  • glomerulonephritis
  • nephrotic syndrome
  • renal stones
  • CKD
27
Q

what can cause urinary frequency?

A
  • BPH
  • UTI
  • urinary tract obstruction
28
Q

what can cause urinary hesitancy?

A
  • BPH
  • Prostate cancer
  • urinary tract obstruction
29
Q

what can cause seizures?

A
  • meningitis
  • encephalitis
  • subarachnoid haemorrhage
  • subdural haemorrhage
  • sarcoidosis
  • trauma
  • stroke
  • haemorrhage
  • raised ICP
  • liver disease
30
Q

what can cause a cough?

A
  • COPD
  • asthma
  • byssinosis
  • bronchiectasis
  • lung carcinoma
  • TB

nicks phase 2a flaschards (15 decks)

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