Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

psychiatry > dif > Flashcards

dif Flashcards

1
Q

Depression - sleep

A

Sleep disturbances in sleep stages: 1. decreased slow wave sleep
2. decreased REM latency 3. increased REM early in sleep cycle 4. increased total REM sleep 5. Repeated nightime awakening 6. Early-morning wakening (terminal insomnia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Narcolepsy is caused by

A 
decreased hypocretin (orexin) production in LATERAL hypothalamus
strong genetic component
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

intermittent explosive disorder?

A

like antisocial but without history of conduct disorder or other fearures of antisocial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

disulfiram vs naltrexone vs acamprosate as treatment of alcoholism

A

naltrexone –> to reduce craving (in active drinkers)
disulfiram –> in abstinent patients (2nd line)
acamprosate –> abstinent patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Metabolic effects of the 2nd generation antiphsycotics - highest risk drugs / how to monitor

A
  1. Clozapine 2. Olanzapine
    Baseline + regular follow-up: BMI, fastign glucose + lipids, BP, waist circumference (at 3 months and then annually)
    - more frequent if DM or gained more than 5% of initial weight
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hoarding disaster?

A

distinct from OCD
- accumulation of a large number of possessions that may clutter living areas to the point that they are usuable –> distress when attempting to discard possessions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

interpersonal psychotherapy - indications / features

A

depression

- links symptoms to current relationship conflicts + interpersonal skill deficits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

supportive psychotherapy - indications / features

A
  • lower functioning, psychotic disorders
  • patients in crisis
  • maintains hope, provide encouragement
    reinforces coping skills, adaptive defenses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

psychodynamic psychotherapy - indications / features

A 
- higher functioning
personality disorders 
- builds insight into unconscious conflicts + past relationships
uses transference 
breaks down maladaptive defenses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

motivational interviewing - indications / features

A

substance use disorders
- nonjudgmental, acknowledges ambivalence + resistance
enhances intrinsic motivation to change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

dialectical behavioral therapy - indications / features

A

borderline personality disorder
- improves emotion regulation, distress tolerance mindfulness
decreases self harm, build skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

biofeedback - indications / features

A
  • prominent physical symptoms
    pain disorders
  • improves control over physiological reactions to emotional stressors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

start SSRI for Major depression - when to stop them

A

if single episode of major depression –> continue for additional 6 months following acute response to reduce the risk of relapse
with chronic, recurrent or severe episodes –> 1-3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

medications that decreases lithium levels

A

theophylline

K+ sparing diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Marchiafava-Bgnami disease

A

dementia, motor dysfunction, dyrsarthria

- severe damage to the corpus callosum and surrounding white matter due to chronic alcohol use disorder and malnutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hoover sign

A

impaired flexion/extension strength of the hip with intact extension on contralateral hip flexion –> incompatible with known nerve pathways -> maybe conversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

contraidication of haloperodol

A

seizure disorder

18
Q

severe or refractory anorexia nervosa

A

olanzapine

19
Q

catatonia?

A

syndrome seen in severe psychiatric and medical illness and is characterized by immobility, mutism, posturing
Lorazepam and electroconvulsive therapy are the treatments of choice

20
Q

antipsychotics - long QT?

A

only ziprasidone in very high doses

21
Q

type of amnesia as a SE of electroconvulsive therapy

A

anterograde and retrodrage

retrograde persists longer

22
Q

Narcolepsy - diagnostic criteria

A 
recurrent lapses into sleep or naps (at least 3 times per week for 3 months)
PLUS
1 of the following:
- cataplexy
- low hypocretin-1 in CSF
- shortened REM sellp latency
23
Q

Antipsychotic extrapyramidal effects - definition

A
  1. acute dystonia: sudden sustained contraction of the next, mouth, tongue and eye muscles
    2 .Akathisia: subjective restlessness, inability to stil still
  2. Parkinsonism: Gradual onset tremor, rigidity, bradykenesia
  3. Tardive dyskinesia: Gradual onset tremor after prolonged therapy (more than 6 months): dyskenesia of the mouth, face, trunk and extremeties
24
Q

Lipod profile how often

A

After 35, every 5 years

IN MEN

25
Q

Bath salts properties

A

Amphetamines with long duration effect and not detected in routine test
Orally, inhale or injected

26
Q

Dantrolene mech of action

A

Rhyanodine receptor antag

- decreases intracellular Ca2+

27
Q

GERD, endoscopy shows barret without dysplasia - next step

A

Again in 1 year, if again no dysplasia, then endoscopy every 3 years
If low grade dysplasia the same
If high grade: surgery or high intensity surveillance

28
Q

switch to clozapine if extrapyramidal symptoms under antipsychotics

A

only if tardive dyskinesia

29
Q

REM sleep behavior disorder

A

complex motor behaviours that occur during REM

  • dream enactment can occur if the muscle atonia that usually accompanies REM sleep is absent or incomplete
  • latter of the night (higher % of REM)
  • very transient confusion after awake
  • recall heir dreams but not movements
  • older adult men
  • may be prodromal for Parkinson or Lewy
30
Q

schizophreniform vs schizophrenia beside duration

A

only schizophrenia requires functional decline

31
Q

medications that decreases lithium levels

A

theophylline

K+ sparing diuretics

32
Q

catatonia - treatment of choice

A

Lorazepam and electroconvulsive

33
Q

transient global amnesia

A

anterograde amnesia fro time and place that resolve in 24 h

34
Q

Dissociative identity disorder - association

A

with childhood trauma –> chronic auditory hallucinations that have venn present since childhood and are perceived as inside the patien;s head (vs psychotice, in which voices seem to come from outside)

35
Q

somatic symptoms disorder - management

A

regularly sceduled vistis with the same provider, avoiding unnecessary diagnostic testing and specialists referrals, exploring the role of psycholosocial stresors, promote stress deuction and healthy behaviors
- refractory: CBT, SSRI

36
Q

initial apporach to patients presenting with symptoms after a trumatic incident

A

educate them on the range that will normalize their experience
trama focused CBT is indicated if prersistent symptoms

37
Q

scizophrenia - diagnosis

A

2 of the following (1 frim the first 3)

  1. delusions
  2. hallucinations
  3. disorganied speech
  4. catatonic
  5. negative
38
Q

general anx disorder - when to give benzo

A

nondepressed without history of substance abuse who fail to respond to or cannot toleratre antidepressants

39
Q

conversion disorder management

A

education –> if no response –> CBT

40
Q

hoarding disorder - treatment

A

CBT

SSRI can be used in parallel, but with limited effect

psychiatry (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions