Dietary Supplementation Flashcards
What is pharmacokinetics concerned with
what the body does to a drug. Absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion
What is pharmacodynamics concerned with
what a drug does to the body. Receptors, enzymes, ion channels and physiological system
What is the therapeutic range
Difference between minimum effective concentration and minimum toxic concentration
What is an additive effect
where two or more substances produce a response equivalent to the sum of the individual effects
What is a synergistic effect
where two or more substances produce a greater response than sum of individual effect
What is a antagonistic effect
Effect of one substance diminishes effect of another
How much creatine is stored in skeletal muscle
95%
What are the effects of creatine
increased performance during short duration high intensity exercise, increased ATP resynthesis through PCr dephosphorylation by CK, increased muscle glycogen and ATP supply through anaerobic glycolysis, Increased hydrogen ion buffering, decreased ammonia production
What is carnosine synthesised from
B-alanine and L-histidine
What does carnosine do
It is an important intramuscular buffer to regulate pH homeostasis during high intensity exercise
What does L-carnitine do
promotes the translocation of long-chain FA across mitochondrial membranes for B-oxidation in matrix so increases fat oxidation
What are the roles of nitric oxide
vasodilation, Ca handling, neurotransmission, glucose uptake, mitochondrial respiration, muscle force production
How do you measure NO
via its oxidation products nitrite and nitrate
What is the equation to get NO
l-arginine + O2 -> NO + l-citrulline
What enzyme catalyzes the production of NO
nitric oxide synthase
