Dietary Sources

Question 1

GHB dietary

Answer 1

variety of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages and food products contain GBL or GHB as a natural component
Very low conc – large volume [210 L]
Caution with “adulterated” drinks

Question 2

What drinks GHB

Answer 2

Red wines [GBL/GHB]
White wines {GBL/GHB]
Various types of vinegar [GHB}
Beer [GHB]

Question 3

What can be form GHB

Answer 3

GBL gamma butryolactone

Question 4

Salicylic Acids

Answer 4

Salicylic acid
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Present in fruits, herbs, spices, and vegetables
Found in higher conc in vegetarians vs. non-vegetarians
Overlap in serum conc in vegetarians and patients taking 75 mg ASA daily
Some suggest that this is an explanation of the health-promoting effects of fruits and vegetables
Other account SA role due to low concentrations

Question 5

Morphine endogenous

Answer 5

Thebaine, an intermediary of morphine biosynthesis has been isolated in sheep brain
Codeine and morphine as well
Injection of thebaine into rats – increased levels of codeine and morphine
Mammalian cells demonstrated to synthesize morphine from the endogenous neurotransmitter dopamine
Contrary to endogenous biosynthesis most likely reason for the presence of “endogenous” morphine is due to various food products

Question 6

Morphine Exogenous

Answer 6

Poppy seeds contain codeine and morphine
Ingestion via food products
Positive findings in urine and OF
Highly variable conc in poppy seeds
Morphine content ranging from 2-251 mcg/g
Codeine content ranging from 0.4-57.1 mcg/g