Diet-related Diseases Flashcards
What are the risk factors associated with Type 2 Diabetes?
Family history of diabetes
Aged over the age of 45 years
Overweight/obese
What is Type 2 Diabetes?
Type 2 Diabetes occurs when the pancreas is making insulin, but not enough and or the insulin does not work properly.
Type 2 diabetes is a lifestyles disease and is strongly associated with high blood pressure, high cholesterol and obesity
How are you able to manage type 2 diabetes?
Medication (not injections)
Regular physical activity
Making healthy food choices
Maintaining a healthy weight
What are the dietary recommendations for people living with Type 2 diabetes?
Follow the Australian dietary Guidelines
Eat regular meals throughout the day
Eat high fibre foods
Incorporate low GI foods in a healthy diet
Define overweight/obesity
Being overweight and or obese can lead to many health problems such as; cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, arthritis, varicose veins and some cancers.
Fat stored in the waist area is associated with increased risk of diabetes
What are the causes of obesity?
Imbalance of energy intake to expenditure
Lifestyle
Family habits (upbringing)
Inactivity
Treatment of obesity
Be more physically active
Eat a healthier balanced diet
What is Cardiovascular disease?
Cardiovascular disease includes all diseases of the heart and blood vessels. The major diseases are coronary heart disease and stroke. Coronary heart disease includes heart attacks and angina.
The main underlying cause of CVD is the clogging of the arteries that supply blood to the heart and other organs. The clogging process, called Atherosclerosis, is a condition that forms abnormal build up of fat, cholesterol and other substances in the inner lining of the arteries.
What are the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease?
Insufficient physical activity Smoking High blood cholesterol High blood pressure Overweight and obese Type 2 diabetes
What dietary factors increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease?
Inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables
High sodium intake
High cholesterol levels
What are some ways to prevent cardiovascular disease occurring to you?
Increase physical activity
Limit intake of sodium
Use margarine instead of butter
Limit intake of saturated fats, for example cake and pastries
Why has the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Australia increased?
Lifestyle factors:
- reliance on fast food and upsizing of portion sizes
- lack of exercise
- lower rates of participation in sport
- less manual work as part of daily life
Change in dietary patterns:
- inappropriate portions of nutrients, e.g too much fat
- excess energy intake in relation to energy output
- increased consumption of processed foods
