Diet/Nutrition And Health

Question 1

Name the types of malnutrition and examples of them.

Answer 1

> hyponutrition: Marasmus (lack of energy), Kwashiorkor (lack of protein), and Deficiency disease

> hypernutrition: obesity

Question 2

What is Marasmus? Please state the mechanism of causing this condition.

Answer 2

This is a type of hyponutrition causing lack of energy.

• Low energy intake causing gluconeogenesis.
• Prolonged starvation causing ketoacidosis (conversion of fatty acids to ketone bodies by “beta-oxidation at liver”.

Mechanism: adequate adrenal cortex response, increase plasma cortisol, decrease GH, causing severe growth retardation

Question 3

What is Kwashiorkor? Please state the mechanism.

Answer 3

This is a type of malnutrition that is lack of protein.

Mechanism: inadequate adrenal cortex response, decrease plasma amino acid (decreases protein/lipoprotein synthesis and increase plasma GH and fatty acid) , hypoalbuminemia, oedema, causing fatty infiltrates.

Question 4

1 lb = ? kCal?

Answer 4

3500

Question 5

Gluten intolerance can be categorised into ____ and ____.

Answer 5

Coeliac (genetics: HLA Human Leukocyte antigen gene) and non- Coeliac disease.

Both causes impaired nutrients absorption

Question 6

What should be given for better wound healing?

Answer 6

Vit A, Vit C: for collagen synthesis

and Zinc: for protein synthesis