Diet and nutrition Flashcards
What does are body need carbohydrates for?
A short lasting burst of energy.
What are carbohydrates present in?
Fruit, vegetables, breads, grain products, sugar, and sugary foods.
Why is it better to choose healthy carbohydrate rich foods?
Because they are high in dietary fibre which is good for the body.
What are snack foods high in and what do they lack?
Kilojoules, saturated fat, sugars, and salt. They have very little nutrients.
What do proteins do?
Most of the work in the cells and they help the body’s tissues and organs work. They also give the body long term energy.
What happens to someone deficient in protein?
All their organs will be affected including the brain and immune system.
True/False fats are important for good health?
True, however some are healthier than others.
How should you regulate what fats you are eating?
Only unsaturated fats and in small amounts as part of a balanced diet.
What should you look for on food labels in relation to fats?
Look for labels with lower in saturated and trans fats and higher in poly and monounsaturated fats.
What is in fats that makes you put on weight faster?
Fat is higher in kilojoules than any other nutrients. All fats can contribute to weight gain.
What does water form the basis of?
Blood, digestive juices, urine, and perspiration.
Where is water contained in the body?
Lean muscle, fat, and bones
Why do we need water frequently?
Because we lose it through the lungs, skin, urine, and faeces.
What does our water intake depend on?
Body size, metabolism, the weather, the food we eat, and out activity levels.
Where is fibre found?
Vegetables, fruit, wholegrain foods, legumes, nuts, and seeds.
What conditions does fibre reduce the risk of?
Obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and bowel cancer.
What system in the body is fibre especially good for and what in that system can it prevent?
Fibre is good for the digestive system and can help prevent constipation, which can also prevent haemorrhoids.
How does fibre help with staying at a healthy weight.
They are very filling so you eat less.
True/False, foods high in fibre are good for nutrients vitamins and minerals?
True
True/False, vitamins can be made in the body
False
Describe the body’s requirement for vitamins.
The body requires vitamins in small amounts for a variety of essential processes.
What are vitamins grouped in?
Fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins.
What are minerals?
Minerals are inorganic substances required by the body in small amounts for a variety of different functions.
What are minerals involved in?
The formation of bones and teeth and are essential constituents of body fluids and tissues, and they are components of enzyme systems and are involved in nerve function.
What factors change what minerals the body requires?
Age, gender, physiological state and sometimes their state of health.
