Diet and Lifestyle approaches for Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Flashcards
List some non-communicable diseases.
CVD
Cancer
Chronic respiratory disease
Diabetes
What us the number one group of factors for contributing to death and non-communicable diseases?
Dietary risks
Are men or women with diabetes more likely to develop CVD?
Women
What other condition is fuelling the rise of type 2 diabetes?
Obesity
List some of the risk factors for type 2 diabetes which cannot be controlled or prevented.
Family history
Age
Certain ethnicities
What is the current UK advice for healthy eating?
Eatwell plate
What is the current guideline regarding red meat intake?
<70g/person/day
What is the current guideline regarding fat intake?
No more than 35% of our total food energy should come from fat
What is the current guideline regarding trans-fatty acids intake?
Less than 2% of our total food energy should come from TFA’s
What is the current guideline regarding carbohydrate intake?
Carbs should account for 50% of our total energy intake
What is the current guideline regarding free sugars?
Free sugars should not make up more than 5% of total energy intake
What is the current guideline regarding salt?
No more than 6g/person/day
What is the current guideline regarding saturated fatty acids?
Should account for no more than 11% of total energy intake
What is the current guideline regarding fruit and veg?
5 a day
What is the current guideline regarding toil-rich fish?
140g/person/week
What is the current guideline regarding fibre?
30g/person/day
-> wow bet you loved all of thatttt :)))))
How much exercise should we be getting?
150 mins of moderate aerobic activity per week
AND
Strength exercise two or more days a week
What effect does exercise have on glucose uptake?
Exercise increases glucose transport into muscle
For how long is insulin-stimulated glucose uptake elevated for after exercising?
16hrs
What affect does exercise have on insulin in the body?
Exercise increases insulin sensitivity
Discuss some of the nutrition intervention which can prevent diabetes.
Fat and calorie restriction
Increased fibre
Foods with high fibre content decrease risks of what?
Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases
In healthy humans, what is the typical level for fasting glucose?
4-5mmol/L
In healthy humans, what is the typical level for postprandial glucose( after eating)?
7-8mmol/L
After eating, glucose levels are increased. How long does it take for levels to return to the fasting glucose level?
1-2hrs
What are the components of a Mediterranean diet?
High consumption of veg, fruit, nuts, legumes, cereals, fish, seafood
Low consumption of meat, dairy
High ratio of monounsaturated fats compared to unsaturated fats
To achieve weight loss, what terms of calorie deficit is required?
500-1000 cal/day
Weight loss of what % is beneficial?
5-10%
