Diet and Health

Question 1

What energy must your food provide for a healthy diet?

Answer 1

Just the amount you need, no more or less

Question 2

You need to have the right balance of food from the different …. for good health.

Answer 2

food groups

Question 3

You need carbohydrates to release…

Answer 3

energy

Question 4

You need fats to…… and release…

Answer 4

keep warm and release energy

Question 5

You need proteins for…

Answer 5

growth and cell repair an replacement

Question 6

You need fibre to…

Answer 6

keep everything moving smoothly through the digestive system

Question 7

You need … of vitamins and mineral ions to keep…

Answer 7

tiny amounts…. to keep your skin, bones and blood and everything else generally healthy

Question 8

Why do you need energy?

Answer 8

To fuel the chemical reactions inside the body that keep you alive

Question 9

What are the chemical reactions in the body called?

Answer 9

Your METABOLISM

Question 10

What is the metabolic rate?

Answer 10

The speed at which chemical reactions happen in the body.

Question 11

What needs more energy to rest? Muscle or fat?

Answer 11

Muscle

Question 12

If all other factors are equal, why do some people have a higher metabolic rate than others?

Answer 12

Because they have a higher proportion of muscle to fatty tissue, giving them a higher metabolic rate.

Question 13

Why do bigger people generally have a higher metabolic rate?

Answer 13

Because they have more cells to need the energy so they need more than people with fewer cells.

Question 14

What other factors affect metabolic rate?

Answer 14

Gender, men have a higher proportion of muscle to fatty tissue than women.
Genetic factors may also have some affect.

Question 15

What does regular exercise do to your metabolic rate?

Answer 15

It builds muscle therefore meaning the rate is increased as muscle has a higher rate than fatty tissue.

Question 16

What happens to the metabolic rate during exercise?

Answer 16

It goes up because the body needs energy, it stays up for a while after as well, especially if the exercise was strenuous.

Question 17

What does your activity level have to do with the metabolic rate?
What does this mean for an nonactive person’s diet?

Answer 17

Active jobs require more energy : an increase in the MRate, the more activity, the higher the rate.
They need less fat and carbs in their diet.

Question 18

What does malnourished mean?

How big are they?

Answer 18

If someone’s diet is badly out of balance.

Fat or thin.

Question 19

What is the difference between malnourishment and starvation?

Answer 19

Mal’ is when the diet is badly balanced but starvation is when there’s not enough of anything

Question 20

Eating excess ………… can lead toooo….

Answer 20

Fat and carbohydrates…..Obesity

Question 21

Where is obesity a common disorder?

Answer 21

Developed countries

Question 22

What is obesity defined as ?

Answer 22

Being 20% or more over the recommended body mass.

Question 23

What can lead to obesity? (4)

Answer 23

Hormonal problems
Over eating
A bad diet
Lack of exercise

Question 24

What are some health problems that can arise from obesity?(4)
It is also a risk for….

Answer 24

Arthritis, inflammation of joints
Type 2 diabetes, inability to control blood sugar level
High blood pressure
Heart Disease
A risk factor for some kinds of cancer.

Question 25

Too much saturated fat in your diet can…

Answer 25

Increase your blood cholesterol level.

Question 26

What can you eat too much of the causes heart problems and high blood pressure?

Answer 26

Salt

Question 27

People in developing countries can suffer from a …

Answer 27

Lack of food

Question 28

Why do the effects of malnutrition vary?

Answer 28

because some people are missing different food groups

Question 29

Problems caused by malnutrition are … (4)

Answer 29

Slow growth (in children)
Fatigue
Poor resistance to infection
Irregular periods in women

Question 30

What are deficiency diseases caused by?

Answer 30

Lack of vitamins and mineral ions.

Question 31

Lack of vitamin C causes…. which causes problems with the …

Answer 31

Scurvy, skin joints and gums

Question 32

What keeps you healthy?

Answer 32

Regular excersise

Question 33

What does exercise do to the body? (4)

Answer 33

It increases the amount of energy used by the body
It decreases the amount of fat stored.
It also builds up muscle
and boosts the metabolic rate.

Question 34

People who exercise are much less likely to ….

However sometimes people can be fit but not healthy, why?

Answer 34

suffer from problems such as obesity.

They can be physically slim but malnourished at the same time because their diet isn’t balanced.

Question 35

What can affect your health that you have no control over?
Some people inherit factors that affects their metabolic rate, such as?
Some people inherit factors that affect their blood cholesterol level, what is cholesterol? What does it put you at risk of?

Answer 35

Inherited factors.
An underactive thyroid gland can lower the MR causing obesity.
A fatty substance that is essential for good health, found in every cell in the body.
Too much can increase you risk of heart disease.

Question 36

What should you look out for when looking at slimming claims? (4)

Answer 36

Is it a scientific study from a reputable journal?
Was it written by a qualified person?
Was the sample of tested subjects large enough to give reliable results?
Have there been other studies with similar results?

Question 37

How do you lose weight?

So diets and slimming products will only work if you…

Answer 37

Take in less energy than you use.

Eat less fat or carbs so you take in less energy or you do exercise so you burn more than you consume.