Diet And Health Flashcards
What molecules are required by the body for a balanced diet?
•Carbohydrates
•Proteins
•Lipids
•Minerals
•Vitamins
•Fibres
•Water
What is the function of glucose in the body?
•used in respiration to release energy.
•converted to glycogen and stored.
Where is glycogen stored?
In the liver
What is the function of fatty acids and glycerol in the body?
Energy store
What is the function of amino acids in the body?
Amino acids join together in long chains to form proteins which are used for growths
Why are minerals required in the body?
Required for a range of different functions e.g. iron required for the synthesis of haemoglobin in red blood cells
Why are vitamins required by the body?
Required for a range of different functions e.g. vitamin C involved in formation of Collagen and functioning of immune system
What happens when the body doesn’t receive enough vitamins or minerals?
Deficiency diseases develop
E.g. iron deficiency causes anemia
E.g. vitamin C deficiency leads to scurvy
Why is water required by the body?
•main component of cells.
•enables chemical reactions to take place within cells.
•transport medium for glucose, minerals,etc.
What is the fuction of fibre in the body?
Provides bulk which aids the movement of foods via peristalsis
What type of food releases the greatest amount of energy per gram?
Lipids
What happens to excess carbohydrates in the body?
•stored as glycogen in the liver
•when stores become full, glycogen is converted to fats
•fats stored beneath the skin and surrounding organisms
Outline the health risks associated with obesity
•cardiovascular endurance
•cancer
•type 2 diabetes
Outline the health risks associated with a diet high in sugar
•type 2 diabetes
•tooth decay
•obesity
Outline the health risks associated with a diet that’s high in salts?
•high blood pressure
•cardiovascular disease
