diet and good health Flashcards
what does the eatwell guide show
proportion of food groups that should be eaten daily in a well balanced diet
guidelines for a healthy diet
base your meals on starchy carbs eat at least 5 portions of fruit and veg a day eat no more than 6g salt a day drink 6-8 glasses of water eat fish
what is anaemia
disease common in teenage girls due to menstruation
symptoms of anaemia
tiredness and lack of energy and shortness of breath
diet related medical conditions
bowel cancer
obesity
coronary heat disease
type 2 diabetes
why do we need energy
to grow, keep basic functions of our body going, and to be physically active
What is basal metabolic rate
energy needed by the body to power your internal organs when completely at rest
what does BMR (basal metabolic rate) depend on
persons age, gender and body size
why more physically active people need more food
they are more active so they use more energy and need more energy which comes from food
what is malnutrition
under-consumption of nutrients
what does our weight depend on
balance between how much energy from food we consume and how much energy we use up by being physically active
how much aerobic activity do we need a day
60 minutes
what is reference intake (RI)
recommended amount of each nutrient that is required daily
what is BMI
body mass index is a measure that adults can use to see if they are a healthy weight for their height
what is osteoporosis
common in old age and it is when bones become weak, brittle and easy to break
why do we need calcium and vitamin D
work together to make sure our bones and teeth are healthy and strong
dietary requirements in Judaism
no shellfish or pork, only kosher meat
dietary requirements in Hinduism
no beef or beef products
dietary requirements in islam
no pork and only halal meat can be eaten
dietary requirements in Sikhism
no beef
what are vegetarians
people who don’t eat meat, poultry, fish or products such as gelatin
what are octo-lacto vegetarians
eat eggs and dairy products
what are lacto vegetarians
eat dairy products and honey but not eggs
what are vegans
people who don’t eat any food with an animal origin
reasons why people become vegetarians
religion tells them ethical reasons health reasons family tells them don't like the taste think meat is unhealthy
what is type 1 diabetes
diagnosed in childhood and not associated with excess body weight
what is type 2 diabetes
associated with excess body weight, high blood pressure and cholestrol levels
things which pregnant women can’t eat
pate and soft cheese
liver
fresh tuna, shark, swordfish, marlin
raw or undercooked meat and eggs
why can’t pregnant women eat pate and soft cheese
can cause illness and miscarriage
why can’t pregnant women eat raw eggs or meat
can cause infection and food poisoning
what is coeliac disease
auto immune reaction when you eat something with gluten.
symptoms of coeliac disease
diarrhoea, vomiting, cramps, bloating, constipation
what is an allergic reaction to nuts called
anaphylaxis
what nutrients do pregnant women need
calcium - strong baby bones
vitamin D - absorption of calcium
iron - production of additional blood supply
folic acid - healthy development of foetus
vitamin C - absorption of iron
fibre - avoid constipation
why old people need less food
they are less active and so need less food, otherwise they will get overweight and obese
why do teenagers need more protein
they are growing and going through puberty and so they need more protein
factors affecting how much energy a person needs
age
gender
body size
level of activity
