Diet and Fuels

Question 1

Define BMR

Answer 1

Basal metabollic rate = the amount of energy required to keep body alive at rest

Question 2

how is BMR measured

Answer 2

measured by the consumption of oxygen in a person who is awake and restful and fasted for 12 hours

Question 3

how is BMR expressed

Answer 3

kcal/hr/m^2 body surface
or
kcal/kg body mass/hr

Question 4

what 3 things is energy stored as in the body and how much of each?

Answer 4

triglycerides - 15kg
glycogen - 200g in liver 150g in muscle
protein - 50kg

Question 5

what 2 fuels can the brain only use?

Answer 5

glucose and ketone bodies

Question 6

after glucose what fuel does muscle use next and why?

Answer 6

FFAs so that glucose is saved for the brain - only in times of starvation

Question 7

Vitamin A - functions & dietary sources

Answer 7

• necessary for cellular growth and division
• vision
• reproduction
• maintenence of mucous membranes

Liver/dairy products/oily fish/margarine

Question 8

Vitamin c - functions & dietary sources

Answer 8

• synthesis of - collagen, neurotransmitters & carnitine
• can donate electrons to oxygen radicals so has antioxidant ability

citrus fruits & green leafy vegetables

• potatoes in UK important
• kidney is the only animal source

Question 9

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 9

A D E K

Question 10

what is need for B12 absorption and where is it absorbed?

Answer 10

• Intrinsic factor secreted from parietal cells

- absorbed in the terminal ileum

Question 11

How much of the body’s water absorption happens in the duodenum?

Answer 11

80%

Question 12

What processes are Vit B12 & folic acid needed for?

Answer 12

• DNA synthesis

- RBC production

Question 13

what coagulation factors are Vit K need for?

Answer 13

10, 9, 7, 2 - 1972