Diet And Diabetes Mellitus Flashcards
What constitutes Diabetes Mellitus?
Hemoglobin A1C 6.5 +
Fasting plasma glucose 126
2 hour OGTT 200 mg/dL
Random plasma glucose 200 mg/dL
A random plasma glucose of 200 mg/dL or greater is indicative of diabetes if in the presence of ____
hyperglycemic crisis
This type of diabetes is 10% of adult cases in the US and is related to destruction of B cells and loss of insulin production
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is generally thought to be the result of a ______. How is it treated?
autoimmune process, insulin
This type of diabetes is 90% of adult cases in the US and is related to insulin resistance with potential eventual loss of B cell function
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
What are causes of type 2 diabetes?
multifactorial, diet and lifestyl
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ___ be treated with insulin
may
What is type 3 diabetes mellitus?
Alzheimer’s disease
Chronic insulin resistance and insulin insufficiency may play role in AD
______ may aid in AD treatment
managing blood glucose levels
What is the criteria for prediabetes?
Impaired fasting glucose: 100-125 mg/dL
Impaired glucose tolerance: 140-199 on 2-hr OGTT
Elevated HbA1C
Onset of DM during pregnancy that resolves after birth
gestational diabetes
What are general goals of DM and pre-DM management?
Maintenance of normal serum glucose
Prevent/reverse lipid abnormalities
Prevent or delay complications of hyperglycemia
____ is essential to help delay or prevent complications related to DM
glycemic control
Which type of diabetes relies heavily on lifestyle modifications and may be treated with lifestyle modifications?
Diabetes mellitus type 2
What are general lifestyle modifications for diabetes?
Healthy eating pattern-high in fiber, moderate to low carbs, plant-based, meditteranean style
Regular physical activity
Good sleep
Avoid tobacco
Weight loss (even 5-10%)
