Diencephalon & Cerebrum (13)

Question 1

Diencephalon

Answer 1

• between brainstem and cerebrum
• 4 main components: Thalamus, Subthalamus, Epithalamus, Hypothalamus

Question 2

Thalamus

Answer 2

• largest part of the diencephalon
• lateral portions connected by interthalamic adhesion - surrounded by third
  ventricle
• receives major portion of sensory input – projections to cerebral cortex
• Auditory impulses – medial geniculate nucleus
• Visual impulses – lateral geniculate nucleus

Question 3

Subthalamus

Answer 3

• inferior to the thalamus
• ascending and descending nerve tracts
• subthalamic nuclei – controlling motor function

Question 4

Epithalamus

Answer 4

• posterior and superior to the thalamus
• Habenula (or habenular nuclei) – emotional and visceral responses to odor
• Pineal gland – secretes melatonin; may influence the onset of puberty

Question 5

Hypothalamus

Answer 5

• most inferior portion of the diencephalon
• contains a stalk – infundibulum connecting the hypothalamus to the pituitary
  gland
• link between the nervous and endocrine system
• many clusters of nuclei that control bodily functions
• mood and emotion

Question 6

Cerebrum

Answer 6

• outer layer – cerebral cortex (gray matter)
• deep clusters of nuclei (gray matter)
• in between – cerebral medulla (white matter)

Question 7

Cerebral cortex

Answer 7

• frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal lobes
• central sulcus
• lateral fissure

Question 8

Frontal lobe

Answer 8

• motor function
• aggression, mood

Question 9

Parietal lobe

Answer 9

-touch, pressure
-blood pH
-most sensory
(except smell, taste, vision,
hearing)

Question 10

Occipital lobe

Answer 10

-reception and
integration of
visual input

Question 11

Temporal lobe

Answer 11

-olfactory, auditory input
-memory

Question 12

Lateral fissure

Answer 12

(Lateral cerebral sulcus)
Deep in fissure is Insula “5th lobe”
- taste

Question 13

Cerebral Medulla

Answer 13

• nerve tracts connect the cortex to other areas of cortex or other parts of the CNS
• association, commissural, projection fibres

Question 14

Association fibers (tracts)

Answer 14

connect areas of cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere

Question 15

Commissural fibers (tracts)

Answer 15

connect the cerebral hemispheres
(Corpus Callosum)

Question 16

Projection fibers (tracts)

Answer 16

between the cerebrum and other parts
of the brain and spinal cord (Internal capsule)