Diebel UTIs

Question 1

E. coli

Answer 1

gram -
bacilli
catalase +
oxidase -
reduces nitrates --> nitrites
urease -

Question 2

surface adhesins

Answer 2

e. coli

facilitate binding to epithelial cells (colonization

Question 3

P fimbriae

Answer 3

e. coli

interacts with receptor on renal epithelial cells (impt for pyelonephritis)

Question 4

Type 1 pilus

Answer 4

e. coli
binds to uroplakins on luminal surface of bladder uroepithelial cells (impt for cystitis)
*not always expressed

Question 5

urease + organisms

Answer 5

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Proteus mirabilis

Question 6

staph saphrophyticus

Answer 6

gram +

cocci

Question 7

klebsiella pneumonia

Answer 7

gram - 
bacilli
lactose fermenting
facultative anaerobe
capsule
urease +

Question 8

proteus mirabilis

Answer 8

gram -
bacilli
facultative anaerobe
urease +

Question 9

enterococcus

Answer 9

gram +
bacilli
catalase -
urease -

Question 10

citrobacter species

Answer 10

can cause some uncomplicated and complicated UTIs ok sure

Question 11

1 cause uncomplicated UTI

Answer 11

e. coli

Question 12

1 cause complicated UTI

Answer 12

e. coli

Question 13

2 cause of UTIs in sexually active young women

Answer 13

staph saphrophyticus

5-15% cases of UTI

Question 14

3 cause of uncomplicated UTI

Answer 14

klebsiella

Question 15

acinetobacter species

Answer 15

can cause some complicated UTIs ok sure

Question 16

weirdo causes of complicated UTIs

Answer 16

klebsiella pneumoniae
proteus mirabilis
citrobacter 
acinetobacter
morganella
pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 17

UTIs caused by what type of bacteria

Answer 17

enteric

Question 18

gold standard for UTI dx

Answer 18

urine culture

Question 19

first line tx for uncomplicated UTI in females

Answer 19

nitrofurantoin or TMP/SMX

Question 20

first line tx for uncomplicated UTI in males

Answer 20

fluoroquinolones or TMP/SMX

Question 21

tx of complicated UTIs

Answer 21

should be personalized and guided by urine culture results

Question 22

infection barriers

Answer 22

• acidity of urine
• act of urination
• immunological barriers
• physical barriers (mucosal lining of urinary tract and urethral sphinctrer)

Question 23

> 90% of infections result from ________

Answer 23

bacteria ascending the urethra to bladder

Question 24

critical initial step in infection (in women)

Answer 24

colonization of vaginal introitus and periurethral area from gi tract organisms

Question 25

predisposing factors

Answer 25

urinary stasis
kindey stones
catheters
family hx (UTIs and pyelonephritis)

Question 26

definition of complicated UTI

Answer 26

underlying factors that predispose individuals to ascending bacterial infection –>

• catheters
• anatomic abnormalities
• obstrux of urine/flow/poor bladder emptying (calculi, tumor, neurogenic, preg, prostatic enlarge, uterine prolapse, cystocele)

Question 27

risk factors in women

Answer 27

• sex
• hx of UTIs
• diaphragm/spermicide use
• abx (alter normal vaginal flora –> allows overgrowth of e. coli)