Did You Get It & Chapter Review Questions Flashcards
Why would you have a hard time learning and understanding physiology if you did not also understand anatomy?
Anatomy and physiology are related. A given function can occur only if the corresponding structure allows it.
At which level of structural organization is the stomach? At which level is a glucose molecule?
The stomach exhibits the organ level of structural organization. Glucose is at the chemical level.
Which organ system includes the trachea, lungs, nasal cavity, and bronchi?
These organs are part of the respiratory system.
In addition to being able to metabolize, grow, digest food, and excrete wastes, what other functions must an organism perform if it is to survive?
Survival also depends on the ability to maintain one’s boundaries, to move, to respond to stimuli, and to reproduce.
Oxygen is a survival need. Why is it so important?
All the chemical reactions that occur in the body and release food energy require oxygen.
When we say that the body demonstrates homeostasis, do we mean that conditions in the body are unchanging? Explain your answer.
No. We mean that they vary within a narrow and regulated range.
When we begin to become dehydrated, we usually get thirsty, which causes us to drink liquids. Is the thirst sensation part of a negative or a positive feedback control system? Defend your choice.
Thirst is part of a negative feedback system. Thirst prods us to drink fluids (the response), which in turn causes the thirst sensation to decrease and end. Were it a positive feedback mechanism, we would become even more thirsty (the stimulus for drinking would increase).
Why is understanding the anatomical position important to an anatomy student?
Most descriptions of the body using anatomical terminology refer to body regions as if the body is in the anatomical position regardless of its actual position.
The axillary and the acromial areas are both in the general area of the shoulder. To what specific body area does each of these terms apply?
The axillary region is the armpit. The acromial region is the point of the shoulder.
Which kind of section would cut the brain into anterior and posterior parts?
A coronal or frontal section would cut the brain into anterior and posterior parts.
If you wanted to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity of a cadaver, which type of section would you make?
To separate the thoracic and abdominal cavities, you would make a transverse section (XS).
Of the spinal cord, small intestine, uterus, and heart, which are in the dorsal body cavity?
Of these organs, only the spinal cord is in the dorsal body cavity.
Consider the following levels: (1) chemical; (2) tissue; (3) organ; (4) cellular; (5) organismal; (6) systemic. Which of the following choices has the levels listed in order of increasing complexity?
a. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
b. 1, 4, 2, 5, 3, 6
c. 3, 1, 2, 4, 6, 5
d. 1, 4, 2, 3, 6, 5
e. 4, 1, 3, 2, 6, 5
d. 1, 4, 2, 3, 6, 5
Which of the following is (are) involved in maintaining homeostasis?
a. Effector
b. Control center
c. Receptor
d. Feedback
e. Lack of change
a. Effector
b. Control center
c. Receptor
d. Feedback
Which is not essential to survival?
a. Water
b. Oxygen
c. Gravity
d. Atmospheric pressure
e. Nutrients
c. Gravity
Using the terms listed below, fill in the blank with the proper term.
anterior superior medial proximal superfical
posterior inferior lateral distal deep
The heart is located _____________ to the diaphragm.
The muscles are _____________ to the skin.
The shoulder is _____________ to the elbow.
In anatomical position, the thumb is _____________to the index finger.
The vertebral region is _____________ to the scapular region.
The gluteal region is located on the _____________surface of the body.
superior, deep, proximal or lateral, proximal, medial, posterior
Match the proper anatomical term (column B) with the common name (column A) for the body regions listed below.
Column A
Column B
_____buttocks
a. inguinal
_____back
b. frontal
_____shoulder blade
c. dorsal
_____front of elbow
d. lumbar
_____toes
e. gluteal
_____groin
f. antecubital
_____forehead
g. plantar
_____lower back
h. digital
_____sole of foot
i. scapular
e, c, i, f, h, a, b, d, g
a. ventral and anterior.
b. back and rear.
c. posterior and dorsal.
d. head and lateral.
c. posterior and dorsal.
A neurosurgeon orders a spinal tap for a patient. Into what body cavity will the needle be inserted?
a. Ventral
b. Thoracic
c. Dorsal
d. Cranial
e. Pelvic
c. Dorsal
Which of the following groupings of the abdominopelvic regions is medial?
a. Hypochondriac, hypogastric, umbilical
b. Hypochondriac, lumbar, inguinal
c. Hypogastric, umbilical, epigastric
d. Lumbar, umbilical, iliac
e. Iliac, umbilical, hypochondriac
c. Hypogastric, umbilical, epigastric
Right Upper Quadrant
liver, duodenum, piloris, right kidney
Left Upper Quadrant
spleen, stomach, panchreas
Right Lower Quadrant
appendix, cecum, right over, bladder
Left Lower Quadrant
bladder and uterus
