Did most people benefit from Nazi rule? (CH4) Flashcards

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1
Q

State 4 ways the Nazis reduced unemployment

A
  • Huge building programmes (Dr Hjalmar Schacht)
  • The National Labour Service sent men on Publics Works Projects
  • Removed jews and women from the work place
  • Increased armed forces and rearmed Germany
  • The need for weapons, equipment and uniforms created jobs
  • Conscription reduced unemployment
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2
Q

Why were workers important to the Nazis?

A

They needed these industrial workers to create industries that would help make Germany great again.

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3
Q

Name 3 benefits the Nazis gave the workers which made them reasonably happy.

A
  • Strength through Joy (KdF)
  • The volkswagen beetle
  • The Beauty of Labour movement
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4
Q

What were the aims of Strength through Joy (KdF)?

A
  • Gain their strength for work by experiencing joy through their Leisure activities
  • To encourage workers to see themselves as a part of Volksgemeinschaft
  • With leisure time and work time regulated by the regime, workers had no private life (Nazis wanted to make sure they were controlled outside work life)
  • To encourage participation in sports to improve physical and mental health
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5
Q

What were some of the actions from the KdF?

A
  • Workers were offered holidays in Germany and abroad
  • Went on sporting activities and hikes
  • Theatre and cinema tickets reduced prices
  • Classical music was played during lunch breaks n factories
  • Members of the KdF came automatically with a membership of the DAF.
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6
Q

How did the Volkswagen beetle work?

A
  • People saved 5 marks every week in the state scheme to buy the ‘people’s car’
  • It became a symbol of the prosperous new Germany
  • However, no workers received their cars because car factories were replaced with weapon factories for the war in 1939.
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7
Q

What did the Beauty of Labour movement do?

A

It improved working conditions in factories by adding ventilation, washing facilities and low-cost canteens.

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8
Q

What did industrial workers have to give up in order to get these advances?

A
  • They lost their main political party (SDP)
  • All workers had to join the DAF and they kept strict control over the workers, banning them from strikes and leaving for better-paying jobs.
  • Wages remained low
  • Source of bitter resentment rose as they lost trade union
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9
Q

Why were farmers important to Nazis?

A
  • The Nazis believed they were the ‘Blood and Soil’
  • That they were the basis of Germany’s master race
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10
Q

What did Hitler set up/introduce to help the farmers?

A
  • The Reich Food Estate
  • The Reich Entailed Farm Law
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11
Q

What was the Reich Food Estate?

A
  • This made central boards to buy agricultural produce from farmers and distribute it to markets across Germany
  • Gave them guaranteed markets at guaranteed prices
  • As food prices increased, they earned more money and debts were written off
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12
Q

What did the Reich Entailed Farm Law guarantee farmers?

A
  • Banks could not seize their land if they don’t pay the loans or mortgages
  • Ensured that peasant farms remained in their hands
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13
Q

What was the impact on Farmers in the late 1930s?

A
  • Some peasants weren’t thrilled with the new regime
  • More efficient, faster working farmers were held back by having to work through the same process as the less-efficient farmers
  • The Reich Entailed Farm Law stated that the oldest child would inherit the land
  • Many children left the land to work for better pay in the German industry
  • Rural depopulation was the opposite of what nazis wanted.
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14
Q

Who benefited most? The big businessmen, middle class or the small bussinessmen?

A

The Big Business owners

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15
Q

How did Big Businesses benefit from Nazi rule?

A
  • During the war, slave labour from Jews and Poles was available, cutting wage costs
  • They benefited from massive rearmament contracts
  • No longer had to worry about trade unions as they were banned, they could increase and maximise their profits
  • Chemical companies gained huge government contracts to make explosives, fertilisers and artificial oils.
  • Wages rose by 50% between 1933-1939
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16
Q

Did the middle class benefit?

A
  • They somewhat benefited
  • They were grateful for the Nazis as they eliminated the communist threat to their business and properties
  • They also liked the way the Nazis seemed to be bringing order to Germany
17
Q

Who in the small business were likely to benefit?

A
  • Anyone who owned a small engineering firm was likely to do well from governments orders as rearmament spending grew in the 1920s
  • Closure of Jewish shops also reduced competition
18
Q

What kind of small businesses would struggle?

A
  • Consumer goods or small shops will struggle
  • They could buy enough to feed families but not for luxuries
19
Q

What was the DAF?

A

The German Workers Front (built roads, hospitals and other buildings)

20
Q

What was the RAD?

A

The Reich Labour Service (forced labour service for all men)

21
Q

What was volksgemeinschaft?

A

A national community
A great nation that was racially and culturally superior to other nations