Dictionary

Question 1

Chorea

Answer 1

Abnormal involuntary movement derived from the Greek word “dance”. It is characterized by brief, abrupt, irregular, unpredictable, non-stereotyped movements.

Causes: Huntington’s Disease, Lupus, medicatrions.

Question 2

Tenesmus

Answer 2

Cramping rectal pain. Feeling of the need to evacuate the bowels, with little or no stool passed.

Question 3

Pruritic

Answer 3

Itchy

Question 4

Fulminant

Answer 4

(of a disease or symptom) severe and sudden in onset.

Question 5

Cataplexy

Answer 5

Sudden muscular weakness triggered by strong emotions such as laughter, anger and surprise. The loss of muscle tone that occurs may range from a just-perceptible weakening of the facial muscles through weakness at the knees, to total collapse on the floor. Speech may be slurred, and eyesight impaired (double vision, inability to focus) but hearing and awareness remain undisturbed.

Associated with narcolepsy.

Question 6

Acute porphyrias

Answer 6

The acute porphyrias (acute intermittent porphyria, variegate porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria, and 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase deficiency porphyria) are hereditary disorders of haem biosynthesis.

Certain drugs can induce acute porphyric crisis.

Question 7

Telangiectasia

Answer 7

A condition in which widened venules (tiny blood vessels) cause threadlike red lines or patterns on the skin. “spider veins”.

Question 8

Puerperal

Answer 8

During or relating to the period of about six weeks after childbirth during which the mother’s reproductive organs return to their original non-pregnant condition.

Question 9

Emetogenic

Answer 9

causing nausea and vomiting

Question 10

Oculogyric crisis (OGC)

Answer 10

A dystonic reaction to certain drugs or medical conditions characterized by a prolonged involuntary upward deviation of the eyes.

Question 11

Tardive dyskinesia

Answer 11

Chewing, grimaces, choreoathetosis.

Question 12

Choreoathetosis

Answer 12

Movement disorder that causes involuntary twitching or writhing.

Question 13

Ectasia

Answer 13

Dilation or distention of a tubular structure

Question 14

Papilloma

Answer 14

Benign epithelial tumor growing exophytically (outwardly projecting) in nipple-like and often finger-like fronds. (wart like).

Question 15

Porphyrias

Answer 15

A group of rare inherited blood disorders affecting production of heme. Caution when taking lots of drugs.

Question 16

Fulminant

Answer 16

(of a disease or symptom) severe and sudden in onset.

Question 17

Dysthymia

Answer 17

Persistent mild depression.

Question 18

Adnexa

Answer 18

The parts adjoining an organ.

Adnexa of uterus = contains the ovary and fallopian tube, as well as associated vessels, ligaments, and connective tissue.

Question 19

Micrognathia

Answer 19

A condition in which the lower jaw is undersized.

Question 20

Achalasia

Answer 20

Failure of oesophageal peristalsis and of relaxation of lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) due to degenerative loss of ganglia from Auerbach’s plexus.

Question 21

Pyoderma gangrenosum

Answer 21

a rare, inflammatory skin disease where painful pustules or nodules become ulcers that progressively grow.

Question 22

Dysmnesia

Answer 22

Forgetfulness

Question 23

Xerosis

Answer 23

Dry skin

Question 24

Strabismus

Answer 24

cross-eyed

Question 25

Syringomyelia

Answer 25

a collection of cerebrospinal fluid within the spinal cord.

Question 26

Mittelschmerz

Answer 26

is one-sided, lower abdominal pain associated with ovulation.

Question 27

Xanthochromia

Answer 27

The yellowish appearance of cerebrospinal fluid that occurs several hours after bleeding into the subarachnoid space caused by certain medical conditions, most commonly subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Question 28

Sclerotherapy

Answer 28

When a chemical, the sclerosant, is injected into a vein to entirely obliterate it

Question 29

mydriasis

Answer 29

Causes of mydriasis (large pupil)
third nerve palsy
Holmes-Adie pupil
traumatic iridoplegia
phaeochromocytoma
congenital

Drug causes of mydriasis
topical mydriatics: tropicamide, atropine
sympathomimetic drugs: amphetamines, cocaine
anticholinergic drugs: tricyclic antidepressants

Question 30

Anisocoria

Answer 30

one small one large pupil