Dictatorship Of CPS Flashcards
What did the Cinvention do in September and October to calm the popular movement ?
In sept 1793 convention decreed general assemblies would only meet sections twice a week
October passed a decree that government was revolutionary until peace and suspension of constitution of 1793
What and when was the law of frimaire ?
4 December 1793
Gave CPS and CGS full executive powers
Was step to restoring central control and establishing revolutionary government
All revolutionary armies disbanded except in Paris
What was the role of CGS under law of frimaire ?
Responsible for police and internal security
Controlled the revolutionary tribunal and surveillance committees
What was the role of CPS under law of frimaire ?
More extensive powers
Controlled ministers and generals and foreign policy
Also controlled representatives on mission
The law of frimaire also introduced agents nationaux what were they?
National agents appointed by and responsible to central government
Monitored enforcement of all revolutionary laws
Chief officials of communes and departments out under their control
What did policies or law of frimaire lead to ?
End of anarchy
end of San culottes power
First strong government since 1787
What side did Herbert’s opposition come from?
Left
What did herbertistes demand ?
Execution of hoarders and property redistributed
Who supported herbertistes ?
Few supported on the convention but many In cordeliers and commune and revolutionary army in Paris
What did Herbert do in March 1793 causing his execution ?
Called for an insurrection in March 1793 and wad arrested with some supporters accused of being foreign agents who wNted military dictatorship
What did convention do after execution of herbertistes in March 1793
Parisian revolutionary army disbanded and cordeliers club closed
Popular societies forced to disband
Commune purged and filled with supporters of Robespierre
What side was Dantons and Desmoulin opposition?
Right
Who was Danton ?
Former colleague of Robespierre and leading jacobin/montagnard
What were Dantons supporters called?
Indulgents
What did indulgents want ?
End to terror and centralisation
Who supported Danton?
Large following in the Convention unlike Herbert so was harder to remove this opposition and was considered higher threat
His call for peace implied desire for return of monarchy
How did Ribespierre remove danton and Desmoulin
They were brought before revolutionary tribunal on charges based on political record and in April 1794 executed
When was the great terror?
From 10 June to 27 July 1794
What was the great terror?
Centred on Paris
To control repression the government abolished provincial revolutionary tribunals
When was law of Prairial ?
10 June 1794
What was the law of Prairial ?
Directed against enemies of the people
Definitions so broad anyone could be classed as an enemy
No witnesses could be called and judgement was made on conscience of jurors not evidence
Defendants not allowed defence
Only death or acquittal were verdicts
No fair trial
Why did Robespierre lost support from Catholics ?
Because of his cult of supreme being
Catholics felt he as ignoring the catholic doctrine and the pope and that he was setting himself up as high priest
Why did Robespierre set up the cult of the supreme being?
Because he hated dechristianisation and wanted to unite Frenchmen in a new religion a replacement for Catholicism
When was the cult of supr e being passed as law?
7th may 1794
Why did CGS and anti clericalism hate the cult of supreme being?
Felt it was first step to re introduction of Roman Catholicism
Why did Robespierre lost support from sans culottes ?
Execution of herbertistes as they had supported them dissolution of popular societies End of direct democracy Raising of maximum Imposing of maximum on wages
What happened on 26 July 1794 and why did it arouse suspicion fro Robespierre ?
Robespierre addressed the convention attacking colleagues claiming they were plotting against the government when asked to name people here refused
People in the convention now afraid they’d be named plotted against him
What happened 27th July 1794?
Robespierre attempted to speak again but was shouted down
Convention then vote for his arrest he was taken to prisons controlled by the commune
How successful was the terror?
Federal revolts Food supplies were moving into towns Value of assignation was rising French armies doing well in war Conventions committee could now claw back power from sans culottes
How successful was the terror?
Federal revolts crushed Food supplies moving into towns Value of assignat rising French armies doing well Therefore was renewed confidence and convention could clam back power from sans culottes
